ABFM ITE EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 300 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
Persistent HTN is defined as ______. - ANSWER: HTN despite 3 or more antiHTN rx,
including a diuretics
HTN + Hyperkalemia + low renin + elevated aldosterone. Dx? - ANSWER: Primary
hyperaldosteronism
A ______ would be used to evaluate for a neuroendocrine tumor, which can present
as chronic flushing and diarrhea. - ANSWER: 24-hour urine collection for 5-
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
______ level can be checked if Cushing syndrome is suspected. Hypertension,
obesity and an elevated blood glucose level due to insulin resistance. - ANSWER:
Cortisol level
Suspect Primary hyperaldosteronism. What Lab? - ANSWER: elevated
aldosterone/renin ratio
painful, subcutaneous, nonulcerated, erythematous nodules, is associated with
coccidioidomycosis. Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema nodosum. can also be
associated with streptococcal infections and tuberculosis.
cutaneous rash caused by prolonged heat exposure (such as a heating pad)
presenting as an otherwise asymptomatic, red, reticulated pattern on the skin. Name
of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema ab igne
Erythematous rash of the face (slapped cheek appearance), arms, and legs
associated with parvovirus B19 infection and is usually seen in young children. Name
of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema infectiosum
expanding, erythematous, annular rash with or without central clearing and is often
associated with tick exposure (Lyme disease). Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema
migrans
raised, annular, target-like lesions with central erythema and is usually
associated with herpes simplex virus type 1. Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema
multiforme
Screening frequency for esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis and clinically
significant portal hypertension? - ANSWER: EGD every 2-3 years
, - High risk of bleeding features: small varices in patients with decompensated
cirrhosis, small varices with red wale signs (thinning of the variceal wall), and
medium to large varices.
Patient's EGD has small esophageal varices without red wale signs. Next step in the
mgmt of esophageal varices ? - ANSWER: Repeat EGD in 1-2 years
High risk features of esophageal varices? Tx? - ANSWER: Small varices in patients
with decompensated cirrhosis, small
varices with red wale signs (thinning of the variceal wall), and medium to large
varices.
- primary prophylaxis of hemorrhage include nonselective B-blockers such as
propranolol or endoscopic variceal ligation. If nonselective B-blockers are used, they
should be continued indefinitely. Octreotide is only given intravenously for acute
hemorrhage. No evidence that omeprazole slows the progression of esophageal
varices.
Best nonpharmacologic management of sundowning (aka behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia) - ANSWER: Sensory stimulation (massage,
touch, and music therapy).
- Cognitive training is NOT useful in treatment of sundowning
use of prophylactic antibiotics for dental procedures in patients with a history of
joint replacement? - ANSWER: American Dental Association and the American
Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommend against routine use of prophylactic
antibiotics.
Cardiovascular Medication that is associated with hyperthyroidism. - ANSWER:
Amiodarone.
Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT): a less common cause of hyperthyroidism.
- Type 1: iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis caused by the high iodine content in
amiodarone
- Type 2: amiodarone-induced thyroiditis.
Tetanus prophylaxis for laceration in a pregnant pt who is up to date on her
vaccines? - ANSWER: Tdap between 27 and 36 weeks gestation to protect against
pertussis
Tetanus prophylaxis in nonpregnant patients who have previously received Tdap. -
ANSWER: Td
Tetanus prophylaxis if patient had not previously completed the primary series or
were showing signs of clinical tetanus. - ANSWER: Tetanus immune globulin
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
Persistent HTN is defined as ______. - ANSWER: HTN despite 3 or more antiHTN rx,
including a diuretics
HTN + Hyperkalemia + low renin + elevated aldosterone. Dx? - ANSWER: Primary
hyperaldosteronism
A ______ would be used to evaluate for a neuroendocrine tumor, which can present
as chronic flushing and diarrhea. - ANSWER: 24-hour urine collection for 5-
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA)
______ level can be checked if Cushing syndrome is suspected. Hypertension,
obesity and an elevated blood glucose level due to insulin resistance. - ANSWER:
Cortisol level
Suspect Primary hyperaldosteronism. What Lab? - ANSWER: elevated
aldosterone/renin ratio
painful, subcutaneous, nonulcerated, erythematous nodules, is associated with
coccidioidomycosis. Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema nodosum. can also be
associated with streptococcal infections and tuberculosis.
cutaneous rash caused by prolonged heat exposure (such as a heating pad)
presenting as an otherwise asymptomatic, red, reticulated pattern on the skin. Name
of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema ab igne
Erythematous rash of the face (slapped cheek appearance), arms, and legs
associated with parvovirus B19 infection and is usually seen in young children. Name
of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema infectiosum
expanding, erythematous, annular rash with or without central clearing and is often
associated with tick exposure (Lyme disease). Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema
migrans
raised, annular, target-like lesions with central erythema and is usually
associated with herpes simplex virus type 1. Name of rash? - ANSWER: Erythema
multiforme
Screening frequency for esophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis and clinically
significant portal hypertension? - ANSWER: EGD every 2-3 years
, - High risk of bleeding features: small varices in patients with decompensated
cirrhosis, small varices with red wale signs (thinning of the variceal wall), and
medium to large varices.
Patient's EGD has small esophageal varices without red wale signs. Next step in the
mgmt of esophageal varices ? - ANSWER: Repeat EGD in 1-2 years
High risk features of esophageal varices? Tx? - ANSWER: Small varices in patients
with decompensated cirrhosis, small
varices with red wale signs (thinning of the variceal wall), and medium to large
varices.
- primary prophylaxis of hemorrhage include nonselective B-blockers such as
propranolol or endoscopic variceal ligation. If nonselective B-blockers are used, they
should be continued indefinitely. Octreotide is only given intravenously for acute
hemorrhage. No evidence that omeprazole slows the progression of esophageal
varices.
Best nonpharmacologic management of sundowning (aka behavioral and
psychological symptoms of dementia) - ANSWER: Sensory stimulation (massage,
touch, and music therapy).
- Cognitive training is NOT useful in treatment of sundowning
use of prophylactic antibiotics for dental procedures in patients with a history of
joint replacement? - ANSWER: American Dental Association and the American
Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons recommend against routine use of prophylactic
antibiotics.
Cardiovascular Medication that is associated with hyperthyroidism. - ANSWER:
Amiodarone.
Amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis (AIT): a less common cause of hyperthyroidism.
- Type 1: iodine-induced thyrotoxicosis caused by the high iodine content in
amiodarone
- Type 2: amiodarone-induced thyroiditis.
Tetanus prophylaxis for laceration in a pregnant pt who is up to date on her
vaccines? - ANSWER: Tdap between 27 and 36 weeks gestation to protect against
pertussis
Tetanus prophylaxis in nonpregnant patients who have previously received Tdap. -
ANSWER: Td
Tetanus prophylaxis if patient had not previously completed the primary series or
were showing signs of clinical tetanus. - ANSWER: Tetanus immune globulin
