WSU BIOLOGY 106 EXAM 1 ACTUAL EXAM 2 LATEST VERSIONS
(VERSION A & B) ACTUAL EXAM
Most species extinction can be traced to what four major threats? - ANSWER:
Climate change, habitat destruction, over harvesting, and the introduction of
species.
Name three functions of the root? - ANSWER: Anchors the plant, absorbs minerals
and water, and stores organic nutrients.
What part of the root system is responsible for absorbing the majority of minerals
and water? - ANSWER: The root hair.
What two components create the stem? - ANSWER: Internodes and nodes.
What are nodes? - ANSWER: The points where leaves attach to the stem.
What are internodes? - ANSWER: The stem segment between nodes.
What are auxiliary buds? - ANSWER: Structures that can form lateral shoots
(branches).
What is a terminal bud? - ANSWER: Structure located at the tip of the stem,
responsible for elongation.
What is a leaf? - ANSWER: A component of the shoot system that is responsible for
most photosynthesis.
What are the two main parts of a leaf? - ANSWER: Blade and petiole.
What is a petiole? - ANSWER: A stalk, joins leaf blade to node of stem.
What are the three main types of tissue systems? - ANSWER: Dermal, vascular, and
ground.
What is the purpose of the dermal system? - ANSWER: To provide a protective cover
of the plant.
What are two components of the dermal tissue system? - ANSWER: The epidermis
and the periderm.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER: An outer layer of tightly packed cells.
What is the periderm? - ANSWER: A layer that replaces the epidermis in old, woody
plants.
, What is the purpose of the vascular system and what are the two main components?
- ANSWER: To transport materials between roots and shoots; xylem and phloem.
What is xylem? - ANSWER: Vascular tissue that conducts water and dissolved
minerals upwards from the root to the shoot.
What is phloem? - ANSWER: Vascular tissue that conducts sugars and other
metabolic products; can transport in any direction.
What is the purpose of ground tissue? What are the three main components? -
ANSWER: To perform metabolic functions. Parenchyma, collenchyma, and
sclerenchyma.
What are qualities of parenchyma tissue? - ANSWER: Responsible for metabolism,
contains plastids, is typically soft and lacks secondary walls.
What are qualities of collenchyma tissue? - ANSWER: Provides structural support in
shoots, does not have a secondary wall.
What are qualities of sclerenchyma? - ANSWER: The strengthening, structural tissue
of a plant; contains a thick second wall.
What is determinant growth? - ANSWER: The growth of a plant that halts when a
genetically pre-determined size or age is reached.
What is indeterminate growth? - ANSWER: The growth of a plant that continues
throughout its life.
What is a meristem? - ANSWER: A tissue found at the tips of roots and shoots that
generates cells for primary and secondary growth.
What is the apical meristem? - ANSWER: A meristem located at the tips of roots and
the buds of shoots to promote primary growth.
What are lateral meristems? - ANSWER: Meristems that add thickness to woody
plants through secondary growth.
What are lateral roots? - ANSWER: Roots that arise from the pericycle and grow
horizontally.
What is primary growth? - ANSWER: Growth of the shoot through the apical
meristem; gives rise to nodes and internodes.
What is vascular cambium? - ANSWER: A plant tissue located between the xylem and
phloem in the roots and shoots; creates secondary xylem (wood) and secondary
phloem.
(VERSION A & B) ACTUAL EXAM
Most species extinction can be traced to what four major threats? - ANSWER:
Climate change, habitat destruction, over harvesting, and the introduction of
species.
Name three functions of the root? - ANSWER: Anchors the plant, absorbs minerals
and water, and stores organic nutrients.
What part of the root system is responsible for absorbing the majority of minerals
and water? - ANSWER: The root hair.
What two components create the stem? - ANSWER: Internodes and nodes.
What are nodes? - ANSWER: The points where leaves attach to the stem.
What are internodes? - ANSWER: The stem segment between nodes.
What are auxiliary buds? - ANSWER: Structures that can form lateral shoots
(branches).
What is a terminal bud? - ANSWER: Structure located at the tip of the stem,
responsible for elongation.
What is a leaf? - ANSWER: A component of the shoot system that is responsible for
most photosynthesis.
What are the two main parts of a leaf? - ANSWER: Blade and petiole.
What is a petiole? - ANSWER: A stalk, joins leaf blade to node of stem.
What are the three main types of tissue systems? - ANSWER: Dermal, vascular, and
ground.
What is the purpose of the dermal system? - ANSWER: To provide a protective cover
of the plant.
What are two components of the dermal tissue system? - ANSWER: The epidermis
and the periderm.
What is the epidermis? - ANSWER: An outer layer of tightly packed cells.
What is the periderm? - ANSWER: A layer that replaces the epidermis in old, woody
plants.
, What is the purpose of the vascular system and what are the two main components?
- ANSWER: To transport materials between roots and shoots; xylem and phloem.
What is xylem? - ANSWER: Vascular tissue that conducts water and dissolved
minerals upwards from the root to the shoot.
What is phloem? - ANSWER: Vascular tissue that conducts sugars and other
metabolic products; can transport in any direction.
What is the purpose of ground tissue? What are the three main components? -
ANSWER: To perform metabolic functions. Parenchyma, collenchyma, and
sclerenchyma.
What are qualities of parenchyma tissue? - ANSWER: Responsible for metabolism,
contains plastids, is typically soft and lacks secondary walls.
What are qualities of collenchyma tissue? - ANSWER: Provides structural support in
shoots, does not have a secondary wall.
What are qualities of sclerenchyma? - ANSWER: The strengthening, structural tissue
of a plant; contains a thick second wall.
What is determinant growth? - ANSWER: The growth of a plant that halts when a
genetically pre-determined size or age is reached.
What is indeterminate growth? - ANSWER: The growth of a plant that continues
throughout its life.
What is a meristem? - ANSWER: A tissue found at the tips of roots and shoots that
generates cells for primary and secondary growth.
What is the apical meristem? - ANSWER: A meristem located at the tips of roots and
the buds of shoots to promote primary growth.
What are lateral meristems? - ANSWER: Meristems that add thickness to woody
plants through secondary growth.
What are lateral roots? - ANSWER: Roots that arise from the pericycle and grow
horizontally.
What is primary growth? - ANSWER: Growth of the shoot through the apical
meristem; gives rise to nodes and internodes.
What is vascular cambium? - ANSWER: A plant tissue located between the xylem and
phloem in the roots and shoots; creates secondary xylem (wood) and secondary
phloem.
