ABFAS BOARD EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 250 QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Properties of Calcium phosphate antibiotic beads - ANSWER: non exothermic
Must use powder
Peaks at 3 hours and then elutes over 72 hours
120 day shelf life
Most common 5th metatarsal fracture - ANSWER: Avulsion fracture (about 50% of
5th met fractures)
normal IM between 4 and 5?
normal lateral bowing angle? - ANSWER: IM= 6.5-9.0
bowing angle=2.6
What is the Myerson procedure? - ANSWER: use of EHB in correction of HAV.
stewart classification - ANSWER: 5th met base fracture
benefit of ropivicaine over bupivaine - ANSWER: less cardiotoxicity, but much more
expensive.
most common cause of peroneal spastic flatfoot? - ANSWER: tarsal coalition
What causes a local anesthetic to have faster onset? - ANSWER: Lower pKa
Where does the extensor apparatus originate/insert - ANSWER: There is no specific
area that it originates from or inserts
What is a geode in medical terms?? - ANSWER: A subchondral cyst
Insertion of EDB - ANSWER: Extensor apparatus near base of proximal phalanx.
changes to X-ray machine for fiberglass cast - ANSWER: increase mA by 1.5x
What motion unlocks the knee during gait cycle? - ANSWER: Pronation of the STJ,
this causes the femur to rotate laterally which will unlock the knee
Which inhaled anesthetic is the most cardioprotective? - ANSWER: isoflurane
What is the half life of heparin? - ANSWER: 6 hours
Difference between technetium and gallium - ANSWER: Technetium binds to
hydroxyapatite and is seen in areas of high bone turnover.
,Gallium binds to WBC's and is seen in areas of increased inflammation.
If used together, Technetium should be given first.
Which ASA class has 2-3x risk for post-op complications. - ANSWER: ASA class III:
specifically a pulmonary complication
How is LMWH excreted? - ANSWER: through the kidneys; should be avoided in
those with kidney failure
Which local anesthetic is lease likely to cause methemoglobinemia? - ANSWER:
Marcaine
although is is very rare for the other local anesthetics anyway.
What does exposure mean in medical research? - ANSWER: Any factors or
characteristics that may explain/predict a certain outcome.
What types of fixation provide compression and also osteogenesis.
How do things provide osteogenesis? - ANSWER: Lag screws and dynamic
compression plates.
The lack of motion stimulates osteogenesis
Why is alcohol used to dilute phenol? - ANSWER: phenol is insoluble in water, but is
soluble in alcohol.
Should diuretics be held prior to surgery? - ANSWER: yes, hypotension is common in
surgery and taking a diuretic may exacerbate the hypotension
anticoagulant that is a direct thrombin inhibitor? - ANSWER: dabigatran
Term in a research study for all people who enter a study regardless of treatment,
exposure, or ability to complete the study? - ANSWER: study population
antibiotic for open fracture at a farm? - ANSWER: 10-20 million units of penicillin
due to possibility of clostridium contamination.
Why is thermal necrosis of bone problematic? - ANSWER: increased zone of
resorption at osteotomy site
met base osteotomy with high rate of dorsal malunion - ANSWER: crescentic
osteotomy
, Correction of digiti quinti varus with V-y skin plasty often doesn't work due to... -
ANSWER: inability of V-Y plasty to correct the deformity adequately
When is midstance phase of gait? - ANSWER: opposite side toe off.
apex of deformity in anterior cavus foot with occur at which joint? - ANSWER: 1st
met cuneiform joint
effect on mu receptors with surgery?
What affect does this have on pain killers? - ANSWER: Mu receptor are up regulated,
this causes opioids to be more effective for pain control
most common complication with polycactyly treatment. - ANSWER: Removal of the
wrong extra digit.
-Need adequate pre-op planning and vascular assessment.
What are the stages of anesthesia? - ANSWER: 1. amnesia/analgesia
2. delirium
3. surgical anesthesia
4. overdose
What are the characteristics of stage 3 anesthesia? 4 planes - ANSWER: Surgical
anesthesia:
1) regular respiration, no eyelid reflex
2)slowed breathing
3)stops breathing, no laryngeal reflexes
4)intercostal paralysis, fully dilated pupils
Characteristics of moderate/conscious sedation - ANSWER: responds purposefully.
Does not require airway intervention
what is the least common polydactyly?
Which the is the most common? - ANSWER: Central polydactyly.
postaxial polydactyly is the most common
What type of fracture will tension band wiring not work? - ANSWER: comminuted
fractures
What is the minimum muscle strength grade for tendon transfer? - ANSWER: 4
maximum age of test results for surgery? - ANSWER: 4-6 months, if labs are older
than that, they should be redrawn prior to surgery
most common cause of hammer toe? - ANSWER: flexor stabilization
AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
Properties of Calcium phosphate antibiotic beads - ANSWER: non exothermic
Must use powder
Peaks at 3 hours and then elutes over 72 hours
120 day shelf life
Most common 5th metatarsal fracture - ANSWER: Avulsion fracture (about 50% of
5th met fractures)
normal IM between 4 and 5?
normal lateral bowing angle? - ANSWER: IM= 6.5-9.0
bowing angle=2.6
What is the Myerson procedure? - ANSWER: use of EHB in correction of HAV.
stewart classification - ANSWER: 5th met base fracture
benefit of ropivicaine over bupivaine - ANSWER: less cardiotoxicity, but much more
expensive.
most common cause of peroneal spastic flatfoot? - ANSWER: tarsal coalition
What causes a local anesthetic to have faster onset? - ANSWER: Lower pKa
Where does the extensor apparatus originate/insert - ANSWER: There is no specific
area that it originates from or inserts
What is a geode in medical terms?? - ANSWER: A subchondral cyst
Insertion of EDB - ANSWER: Extensor apparatus near base of proximal phalanx.
changes to X-ray machine for fiberglass cast - ANSWER: increase mA by 1.5x
What motion unlocks the knee during gait cycle? - ANSWER: Pronation of the STJ,
this causes the femur to rotate laterally which will unlock the knee
Which inhaled anesthetic is the most cardioprotective? - ANSWER: isoflurane
What is the half life of heparin? - ANSWER: 6 hours
Difference between technetium and gallium - ANSWER: Technetium binds to
hydroxyapatite and is seen in areas of high bone turnover.
,Gallium binds to WBC's and is seen in areas of increased inflammation.
If used together, Technetium should be given first.
Which ASA class has 2-3x risk for post-op complications. - ANSWER: ASA class III:
specifically a pulmonary complication
How is LMWH excreted? - ANSWER: through the kidneys; should be avoided in
those with kidney failure
Which local anesthetic is lease likely to cause methemoglobinemia? - ANSWER:
Marcaine
although is is very rare for the other local anesthetics anyway.
What does exposure mean in medical research? - ANSWER: Any factors or
characteristics that may explain/predict a certain outcome.
What types of fixation provide compression and also osteogenesis.
How do things provide osteogenesis? - ANSWER: Lag screws and dynamic
compression plates.
The lack of motion stimulates osteogenesis
Why is alcohol used to dilute phenol? - ANSWER: phenol is insoluble in water, but is
soluble in alcohol.
Should diuretics be held prior to surgery? - ANSWER: yes, hypotension is common in
surgery and taking a diuretic may exacerbate the hypotension
anticoagulant that is a direct thrombin inhibitor? - ANSWER: dabigatran
Term in a research study for all people who enter a study regardless of treatment,
exposure, or ability to complete the study? - ANSWER: study population
antibiotic for open fracture at a farm? - ANSWER: 10-20 million units of penicillin
due to possibility of clostridium contamination.
Why is thermal necrosis of bone problematic? - ANSWER: increased zone of
resorption at osteotomy site
met base osteotomy with high rate of dorsal malunion - ANSWER: crescentic
osteotomy
, Correction of digiti quinti varus with V-y skin plasty often doesn't work due to... -
ANSWER: inability of V-Y plasty to correct the deformity adequately
When is midstance phase of gait? - ANSWER: opposite side toe off.
apex of deformity in anterior cavus foot with occur at which joint? - ANSWER: 1st
met cuneiform joint
effect on mu receptors with surgery?
What affect does this have on pain killers? - ANSWER: Mu receptor are up regulated,
this causes opioids to be more effective for pain control
most common complication with polycactyly treatment. - ANSWER: Removal of the
wrong extra digit.
-Need adequate pre-op planning and vascular assessment.
What are the stages of anesthesia? - ANSWER: 1. amnesia/analgesia
2. delirium
3. surgical anesthesia
4. overdose
What are the characteristics of stage 3 anesthesia? 4 planes - ANSWER: Surgical
anesthesia:
1) regular respiration, no eyelid reflex
2)slowed breathing
3)stops breathing, no laryngeal reflexes
4)intercostal paralysis, fully dilated pupils
Characteristics of moderate/conscious sedation - ANSWER: responds purposefully.
Does not require airway intervention
what is the least common polydactyly?
Which the is the most common? - ANSWER: Central polydactyly.
postaxial polydactyly is the most common
What type of fracture will tension band wiring not work? - ANSWER: comminuted
fractures
What is the minimum muscle strength grade for tendon transfer? - ANSWER: 4
maximum age of test results for surgery? - ANSWER: 4-6 months, if labs are older
than that, they should be redrawn prior to surgery
most common cause of hammer toe? - ANSWER: flexor stabilization
