NESA Exam OSU – OKC Questions with Complete
Answers.
How Blood borne pathogens are spread - ANS -The pathogen is present, in a quantity
large enough to cause disease.
-The pathogen must enter through the appropriate entry site.
-The person is susceptible to the pathogen.
Exposed to Blood-Borne Pathogens - ANS -Wash area with soap and water
I-f a mucous membrane flush with water
-If eyes involved, flush with water
*Contact designated exposure department for next steps.
Blood-Borne Pathogens
-Exposure treatment - ANS -Anti-retroviral drugs.
-Starting treatment within 24 hours if possible.
-Follow- up care.
Blood-Borne Pathogens Standard precautions - ANS - are the best way to prevent
spread of blood-borne pathogens.
OSHA - ANS -provides standards to facilities to help protect workers from a significant
health risk associated with exposure to blood.
Hepatitis A - ANS -Blood-Borne Pathogen
-Highly contagious.
-There IS a vaccine available to prevent Hepatitis A transmission.
-Hepatitis A is transmitted by the fecal-oral route.
Hepatitis B - ANS -Blood Borne Pathogen
- transmitted by infected blood or bodily secretions. Diagnosis is made through blood
tests.
-There IS a vaccine available
Hepatitis B Recovery - ANS -After infection most adults recover from the disease and
are immune. Up to 90% of babies infected and the other 10% of adults become
chronically infected
Hepatitis C - ANS - Blood Borne Pathogen
, - is transmitted by blood to blood contact.
- NO vaccine is yet available for Hepatitis C.
-Diagnosis is made by blood testing.
Acute Hepatitis C - ANS -first 6 months after exposure;
-15-25% of people clear the infection from this phase.
Chronic Hepatitis C - ANS lifelong infection leading to serious liver diseases.
HIV/AIDS - ANS - blood borne pathogen
- Human immunodeficiency virus.
- Transmitted by infected blood or bodily secretions.
- No vaccine.
- Attacks and destroys CD4 cells.
- Eventually leads to AIDS.
AIDS - ANS - is the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
- Immune system badly damaged.
- Vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
- Life expectancy without treatment about 3 years.
Multidrug Resistant Organisms - ANS occurs when available antibiotics are not effective
against the microorganism.
A major cause of drug resistant bacteria is improper use of antibiotics.
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aurous (MRSA - ANS Common multidrug resistant
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) - ANS Common multidrug resistant organisms
Prevent multidrug resistance - ANS clinical practices should incorporate reporting all
contamination errors (in any procedure), optimum management of all catheters,
prevention of respiratory infections in intubated patients, and accurate diagnosis of
infectious diseases.
Unanticipated physiologic falls - ANS occur when the physical cause of the falls is not
reflected in the patient's risk factor for falls.
Anticipated physiologic falls - ANS occur in patients whose score on risk assessment
scales.
Answers.
How Blood borne pathogens are spread - ANS -The pathogen is present, in a quantity
large enough to cause disease.
-The pathogen must enter through the appropriate entry site.
-The person is susceptible to the pathogen.
Exposed to Blood-Borne Pathogens - ANS -Wash area with soap and water
I-f a mucous membrane flush with water
-If eyes involved, flush with water
*Contact designated exposure department for next steps.
Blood-Borne Pathogens
-Exposure treatment - ANS -Anti-retroviral drugs.
-Starting treatment within 24 hours if possible.
-Follow- up care.
Blood-Borne Pathogens Standard precautions - ANS - are the best way to prevent
spread of blood-borne pathogens.
OSHA - ANS -provides standards to facilities to help protect workers from a significant
health risk associated with exposure to blood.
Hepatitis A - ANS -Blood-Borne Pathogen
-Highly contagious.
-There IS a vaccine available to prevent Hepatitis A transmission.
-Hepatitis A is transmitted by the fecal-oral route.
Hepatitis B - ANS -Blood Borne Pathogen
- transmitted by infected blood or bodily secretions. Diagnosis is made through blood
tests.
-There IS a vaccine available
Hepatitis B Recovery - ANS -After infection most adults recover from the disease and
are immune. Up to 90% of babies infected and the other 10% of adults become
chronically infected
Hepatitis C - ANS - Blood Borne Pathogen
, - is transmitted by blood to blood contact.
- NO vaccine is yet available for Hepatitis C.
-Diagnosis is made by blood testing.
Acute Hepatitis C - ANS -first 6 months after exposure;
-15-25% of people clear the infection from this phase.
Chronic Hepatitis C - ANS lifelong infection leading to serious liver diseases.
HIV/AIDS - ANS - blood borne pathogen
- Human immunodeficiency virus.
- Transmitted by infected blood or bodily secretions.
- No vaccine.
- Attacks and destroys CD4 cells.
- Eventually leads to AIDS.
AIDS - ANS - is the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
- Immune system badly damaged.
- Vulnerable to opportunistic infections.
- Life expectancy without treatment about 3 years.
Multidrug Resistant Organisms - ANS occurs when available antibiotics are not effective
against the microorganism.
A major cause of drug resistant bacteria is improper use of antibiotics.
Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aurous (MRSA - ANS Common multidrug resistant
Vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) - ANS Common multidrug resistant organisms
Prevent multidrug resistance - ANS clinical practices should incorporate reporting all
contamination errors (in any procedure), optimum management of all catheters,
prevention of respiratory infections in intubated patients, and accurate diagnosis of
infectious diseases.
Unanticipated physiologic falls - ANS occur when the physical cause of the falls is not
reflected in the patient's risk factor for falls.
Anticipated physiologic falls - ANS occur in patients whose score on risk assessment
scales.
