NSG221 MODULE 3 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
Refocusing upstream requires nurses to look beyond
individual behavior or characteristics to what McKinlay terms the "manufacturers of illness."
"Manufacturers of illness" are what...
push clients into the river.
Upstream thinking actions focus on
modifying economic, political, and environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health
throughout the world.
Nursing theory-guided practice helps improve the
quality of nursing care because it allows nurses to articulate what they do for patients and why they do it
The individual patient is the
microscopic focus
Society or social economic factors influencing health status are the
macroscopic focus
Microscopic Approach
, - Examines individual, and sometimes family, responses to health and illness
- Often emphasizes behavioral responses to an individual's illness or lifestyle patterns
- Nursing interventions are often aimed at modifying an individual's behavior by changing his or her
perceptions or belief system
Macroscopic Approach
- Examines interfamily and intercommunity themes in health and illness
- Delineates factors in the population that perpetuate the development of illness or foster the
development of health
- Emphasizes social, economic, and environmental precursors of illness
- Nursing interventions may include modifying social or environmental variables (i.e., working to remove
care barriers and improving sanitation or living conditions)
- May involve social or political action
The Council of Public Health Nurse Organizations (CPHNO), represents seven member organizations:
• Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments (ANHE)
• Association of Community Health Nursing Educators (ACHNE)
• Association of Public Health Nurses (APHN)
• American Public Health Association (APHA), Public Health Nursing Section
• American Nurses Association (ANA)
• National Association of School Nurses (NASN)
• Rural Nurse Organization (RNO)
Conservative scope of practice
Describes frameworks that focus energy exclusively on intrapatient and nurse-patient factors.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
Refocusing upstream requires nurses to look beyond
individual behavior or characteristics to what McKinlay terms the "manufacturers of illness."
"Manufacturers of illness" are what...
push clients into the river.
Upstream thinking actions focus on
modifying economic, political, and environmental factors that are the precursors of poor health
throughout the world.
Nursing theory-guided practice helps improve the
quality of nursing care because it allows nurses to articulate what they do for patients and why they do it
The individual patient is the
microscopic focus
Society or social economic factors influencing health status are the
macroscopic focus
Microscopic Approach
, - Examines individual, and sometimes family, responses to health and illness
- Often emphasizes behavioral responses to an individual's illness or lifestyle patterns
- Nursing interventions are often aimed at modifying an individual's behavior by changing his or her
perceptions or belief system
Macroscopic Approach
- Examines interfamily and intercommunity themes in health and illness
- Delineates factors in the population that perpetuate the development of illness or foster the
development of health
- Emphasizes social, economic, and environmental precursors of illness
- Nursing interventions may include modifying social or environmental variables (i.e., working to remove
care barriers and improving sanitation or living conditions)
- May involve social or political action
The Council of Public Health Nurse Organizations (CPHNO), represents seven member organizations:
• Alliance of Nurses for Healthy Environments (ANHE)
• Association of Community Health Nursing Educators (ACHNE)
• Association of Public Health Nurses (APHN)
• American Public Health Association (APHA), Public Health Nursing Section
• American Nurses Association (ANA)
• National Association of School Nurses (NASN)
• Rural Nurse Organization (RNO)
Conservative scope of practice
Describes frameworks that focus energy exclusively on intrapatient and nurse-patient factors.
