Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
FINAL EXAM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINALS. 2024
1. physiologic jaundice: A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated
unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have: a.
physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
2. Lysosomes: Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury? a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth
endoplasmi c reticulum
d. golgi complex
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes: Ans: B- peroxisomes
4. Contain organelles and complex internal membranes: The difference between
eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes: a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
5. What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP productionD)
potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure: Ans:
B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production 6. Packages
protein for secretion to the outside of the cell: Which of the following is function
of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
7. Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies: Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
8. During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a
decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the
cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the cell:
Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
9. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell: Which of the following is function of the
rough endoplasmic reticulum? a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
10. Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean adultsD) the
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively: Ans: A- adipose
cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
11. Epigenetic modifications: What genetic process is likely responsible for the
occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of identical twins? a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
12. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template: Transcription is best defined as a
process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
13. nondisjunction error: What is the most common cause of Down syndrome? a.
paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
14. klinefelter: A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called __________
syndrome. a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
15. autosomal recessive: Cystic fibrosis is caused by an __________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
16. What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral
hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
A) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the
blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
B) high sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the
brain cells, causing them to swell
C) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which
slows the synapses in the brain
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
FINAL EXAM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINALS. 2024
1. physiologic jaundice: A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated
unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is that this child may have: a.
physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice
2. Lysosomes: Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is
released during cell injury? a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth
endoplasmi c reticulum
d. golgi complex
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes: Ans: B- peroxisomes
4. Contain organelles and complex internal membranes: The difference between
eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes: a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane
5. What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP productionD)
potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure: Ans:
B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production 6. Packages
protein for secretion to the outside of the cell: Which of the following is function
of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
7. Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies: Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
8. During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a
decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the
cell membrane
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the cell:
Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
9. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell: Which of the following is function of the
rough endoplasmic reticulum? a. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function
10. Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean adultsD) the
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively: Ans: A- adipose
cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
11. Epigenetic modifications: What genetic process is likely responsible for the
occurrence of asthma in only one of a pair of identical twins? a. genomic imprinting
b. epigenetic modifications
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology, Pathophysiology Finals
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7niwgc
c. methylation
d. transgenerational inheritance
12. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template: Transcription is best defined as a
process by which
a. A base pair substitution results in a mutation of the amino acid sequence
b. DNA polymerase binds to the promoter site on RNA.
c. RNA directs the synthesis of ribosomes for protein synthesis
d. RNA is synthesized from a DNA template
13. nondisjunction error: What is the most common cause of Down syndrome? a.
paternal translocation
b. paternal viral illness
c. nondisjunction error
d. maternal viral illness
14. klinefelter: A person with XXXY has the genetic disorder called __________
syndrome. a. down
b. fragile x
c. klinefelter
d. turner
15. autosomal recessive: Cystic fibrosis is caused by an __________________ gene.
a. x-linked dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. x-linked recessive
16. What causes the clinical manifestations of confusion, convulsions, cerebral
hemorrhage, and coma in hypernatremia?
A) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls water out of the brain cells into the
blood vessels, causing brain cells to shrink
B) high sodium in the brain cells pulls water out of the blood vessels into the
brain cells, causing them to swell
C) high sodium in the blood vessels pulls potassium out of the brain cells, which
slows the synapses in the brain
