Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology
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FINAL EXAM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes: Ans: B- peroxisomes
2. What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP production
D) D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure:
Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
3. Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies: Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
4. During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a
decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the
cell membrane
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology
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D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the cell:
Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
5. What is an effect of ionizing radiation exposure?
A) respiratory distress
B) sun intolerance
C) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) abberations
D) death: Ans: C- deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) abberations
6. Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean adultsD) the
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively: Ans: A- adipose
cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
7. In addition to osmosis, what force is involved in the movement of water between
the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces?
A) oncotic pressure
B) buffering
C) net filtration
D) hydrostatic pressure: Ans: D- hydrostatic pressure
8. Venous obstruction is a cause of edema because of an increase in which pressure?
A) capillary hydrostatic
B) interstitial hydrostatic
C) capillary oncotic
D) interstitial oncotic: Ans: A- capillary hydrostatic
9. At the arterial end of capillaries, fluid moves from the intravascular space into
the interstitial space because:
A) the interstitial hydrostatic pressure is higher than the capillary hydrostatic
pressure
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5j90ln
FINAL EXAM ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
1. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using
oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
D) oxyhydrosomes: Ans: B- peroxisomes
2. What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP production
D) D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the infrastructure:
Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
3. Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies: Ans: A- apoptosis involves programmed
cell death of scattered singel cells
4. During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move into the cell
because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function because of a
decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the
cell membrane
, Final Exam Advanced Pathophysiology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_5j90ln
D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it outside of the cell:
Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
5. What is an effect of ionizing radiation exposure?
A) respiratory distress
B) sun intolerance
C) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) abberations
D) death: Ans: C- deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) abberations
6. Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of lean adultsD) the
thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function effectively: Ans: A- adipose
cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
7. In addition to osmosis, what force is involved in the movement of water between
the plasma and interstitial fluid spaces?
A) oncotic pressure
B) buffering
C) net filtration
D) hydrostatic pressure: Ans: D- hydrostatic pressure
8. Venous obstruction is a cause of edema because of an increase in which pressure?
A) capillary hydrostatic
B) interstitial hydrostatic
C) capillary oncotic
D) interstitial oncotic: Ans: A- capillary hydrostatic
9. At the arterial end of capillaries, fluid moves from the intravascular space into
the interstitial space because:
A) the interstitial hydrostatic pressure is higher than the capillary hydrostatic
pressure
