APPROACHES (AQA PSYCHOLOGY) EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
2024/2025
Bandura
Researcher who developed social learning theory
Biological Approach
An approach to psychology focusing on the body, especially the brain and nervous system
Biological Structures
Are organs (such as the brain) and systems (such as the nervous system) that influence human
behaviour.
Classical Conditioning
A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events (learning via
association)
Cognitive Approach
An approach to psychology emphasizing the mental processes involved in knowing: how we direct our
attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems.
Congruence
, Agreement, harmony, or correspondence between your self-image and ideal self.
Defence mechanisms
Unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between the id and the superego. E.g.
Repression, Displacement
Denial
psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even to perceive painful
realities.
Displacement
psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable
or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet
Ego
The largely conscious part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the
id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that
will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.
Cognitive neuroscience
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking,
memory, and language) using brain scanning methods like fMRI
Evolution
The gradual change in a species over time via adaption and survival of the fittest.
Free Will
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
2024/2025
Bandura
Researcher who developed social learning theory
Biological Approach
An approach to psychology focusing on the body, especially the brain and nervous system
Biological Structures
Are organs (such as the brain) and systems (such as the nervous system) that influence human
behaviour.
Classical Conditioning
A type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events (learning via
association)
Cognitive Approach
An approach to psychology emphasizing the mental processes involved in knowing: how we direct our
attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems.
Congruence
, Agreement, harmony, or correspondence between your self-image and ideal self.
Defence mechanisms
Unconscious strategies that the ego uses to manage the conflict between the id and the superego. E.g.
Repression, Displacement
Denial
psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people refuse to believe or even to perceive painful
realities.
Displacement
psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more acceptable
or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet
Ego
The largely conscious part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates among the demands of the
id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that
will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.
Cognitive neuroscience
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking,
memory, and language) using brain scanning methods like fMRI
Evolution
The gradual change in a species over time via adaption and survival of the fittest.
Free Will
