MEMORY AQA PSYCHOLOGY (ALEVEL) EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Baddeley
Coding - 4 groups (different word lists: accoustically similar, acoustically dissimilar, semantically similar,
semantically dissimilar) pps shown words and asked to recall in same order
stm recall - worse with accoustically similar words (coded acoustically)
ltm recall - worse with semantically similar words (coded semantically)
Coding
The process of converting information from one form into another
Bahrick
Duration of LTM - used 392 pps ages 17-74 yrs old, high school yearbooks
Free recall test: 15 years 60% accurate past 48 years 30% accurate
Photo recognition: 15 years 90% accurate after 48 70% accurate
Suggests LTM can last very long time
capacity
how much information can be stored at any one time
Jacobs
, Capacity - Developed technique to measure DIGIT SPAN - pps given 4 digits and have to recall them in
correct order (out loud) - if correct move up to 5 digits and so on until pp cannot recall number correctly
Mean span for digits - 9.3 items
Mean span for letters - 7.3
Miller
Capacity - made observation of everyday practice - significance of number 7. Suggest that the
span/capacity of STM is about 7 items (+ or - 2) chunking into units
Duration
The length of time information can be held in memory
Peterson and Peterson
Duration of STM - Tested 24 undergraduates - each completed 8 trials - on each trial student given
consonant syllable (trigram) to remember and a 3 digit number - student asked to count back from
number until told to stop - each trial different length of time (3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds) - Stm has
short duration unless repeated over and over
Multi-store model
Atkinson and Shiffrins - model describes how information flows through memory system (3 stores linked
by processing
Sensory register
A stimulus from the environment will pass into it - several stores (one for each sense)
2 main stores of sensory register
Iconic and echoic
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Baddeley
Coding - 4 groups (different word lists: accoustically similar, acoustically dissimilar, semantically similar,
semantically dissimilar) pps shown words and asked to recall in same order
stm recall - worse with accoustically similar words (coded acoustically)
ltm recall - worse with semantically similar words (coded semantically)
Coding
The process of converting information from one form into another
Bahrick
Duration of LTM - used 392 pps ages 17-74 yrs old, high school yearbooks
Free recall test: 15 years 60% accurate past 48 years 30% accurate
Photo recognition: 15 years 90% accurate after 48 70% accurate
Suggests LTM can last very long time
capacity
how much information can be stored at any one time
Jacobs
, Capacity - Developed technique to measure DIGIT SPAN - pps given 4 digits and have to recall them in
correct order (out loud) - if correct move up to 5 digits and so on until pp cannot recall number correctly
Mean span for digits - 9.3 items
Mean span for letters - 7.3
Miller
Capacity - made observation of everyday practice - significance of number 7. Suggest that the
span/capacity of STM is about 7 items (+ or - 2) chunking into units
Duration
The length of time information can be held in memory
Peterson and Peterson
Duration of STM - Tested 24 undergraduates - each completed 8 trials - on each trial student given
consonant syllable (trigram) to remember and a 3 digit number - student asked to count back from
number until told to stop - each trial different length of time (3,6,9,12,15 and 18 seconds) - Stm has
short duration unless repeated over and over
Multi-store model
Atkinson and Shiffrins - model describes how information flows through memory system (3 stores linked
by processing
Sensory register
A stimulus from the environment will pass into it - several stores (one for each sense)
2 main stores of sensory register
Iconic and echoic
