MGMT 325 Final Exam | Questions and Answers

MGMT 325 Final Exam | Questions and Answers ____ states that our actions must be dependent on the nature of the situation a) outside the box thinking b) contingency thinking c) reciprocal thinking d) positive thinking The beliefs associated with psychological empowerment a) meaningfulness, self-determination, impact, and influence b) self-determination, competence, impact, and influence c) competence, self-determination, impact, and meaningfulness d) competence, meaningfulness, impact, and influence It is always wise to have a ____ which is the best outcome you could achieve if the negotiation fails and you must follow another course of action a) CAT b) BATNA c) NATBAT d) ZOPA Which element below is defined as the feeling of motivation and control we get from making efforts that do not rely on external influences? a) need for purposefulness b) need for self-determination c) need for resolve d) need for capacity Which term below is one of the types of organization performance-based pay plans? a) profit sharing b) bonuses c) merit pay d) piece pay There are 4 main levels of corporate social responsibility. Which of the levels includes a concern with providing services and products that are sold at a reasonable price? a) economic b) legal c) ethical d) discretionary What element below is closely related and influences our degree of self-efficacy? a) reciprocal behavior b) self-regulation c) vicarious learning d) self-esteem Highly creative organizations where people are encouraged to think differently, but also come together to swap ideas, are described as which culture? a) networked b) communal c) mercenary d) ethical Technology giant Red Hat shows its new employees that it cares by taking them on a group training program at its headquarters and introducing them to a range of employee ambassadors. This is an example of which form of socialization? a) context b) social dynamics c) content d) components Which theory holds that motivation is based on our perception of how fairly we are being treated in comparison to others? a) hierarchy of needs theory b) acquired needs theory c) expectancy theory d) equity theory Don and Daniel are working on a big ad campaign to get new members to join their gyms. Doris calls Daniel and tells him to spend $15,000 on TV ads. Daniel has not eaten in 12 hours so he is having trouble concentrating. As a result, Daniel thinks he ears Doris say spend $50,000 on TV ads. What concept of the communication model is highlighted in this scenario? a) internal source of noise b) failure on the part of sender c) chaos created in organizations d) external source of noise ____ rewards employees for the acquisition of new skills that lead to enhanced work performance a) skill-based pay b) job content-based pay c) performance based pay d) security- based pay Numerous examples show that using self-managing teams is likely to _____ a) increase organizational productivity b) completely eliminate the need for managers c) increase employee turnover d) decrease profits by virtue of their organizational position, managers have the formal authority or power to give orders and approve or deny employee requests. this explains which type of power? a) expert power b) referral power c) coercive power d) legitimate power Which item below shows how cognitive processes mediate the effects of reinforcers on behavior, and how behavior influences both reinforcers and cognitive processes? a) triadic reciprocal model of behavior b) classical conditioning model c) reciprocal behavior d) reinforcers Which ethical decision making approach focuses on taking action that results in the greater good for the majority of people? a) utiarian b) objective c) rights d) justice What type of decisions are generally made by following company policies and guidelines that have been put in place to deal with specific issues? a) executive decisions b) strategy decisions c) programmed decisions d) non-programmed decisions The goal of _____ style of conflict management is to avoid making a decision at whatever cost period neither your concerns nor the concerns of the other party need to be satisfied a) acclimation b) collaboration c) competition d) avoidance During the _____ morality stage of moral development, moral decisions are based on standard set by adult role models and social norms a) pre-conventional b) conventional c) post-conventional d) postmodern In _____ decisions, employees will not find the answer they are looking for in the company handbook or policy guidelines a) executive decisions b) strategy decisions c) programmed decisions d) non-programmed decisions Herzberg's two-factor theory states that achievement, recognition, and responsibility are all examples of ____ a) influence factors b) motivators c) dissatisfaction d) hygiene factors What needs theory holds that our needs are shaped over time and formed by our experiences and cultural background? a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs b) Aldefer's ERG theory c) Herzberg's two-factor theory d) McClelland's acquired needs theory In the united states, an illegal or concealed transaction is often described as working under the table. this is an example of which complicating factor of communication? a) iden b) slang c) proverb d) euphemism Francis noticed that Zoe was not producing as many cakes as her co-workers. Zoe explained that she fell her co-workers were getting the best clients. Francis deducted that Zoe's ability to produce as many cakes was due to _____ a) internal attributors b) internal features c) external attributors d) ___ characteristics ABC boarding is struggling financially. they may choose to outsource some of their operations overseas in order to stay in business and retain most of their us workforce. the downside of this decision is the need to lay off dozens of employees. which ethical decision making approach is examplified in this scenario? a) utiarian b) objective c) rights d) justice Chris is the CEO of Chris's finest soda. Chris is only product for the past 5 years has been mountain true soda. over the past year however mountain true sales have stalled for the first time. Chris's decided to add a cherry flavoring to the mountain true soda and call it cherry mountain true. this is an example of what type of innovation? a) product b) exploratory c) adaptive d) process Richard's company was recently purchased by a big conglomerate. everyone in the office was on board with this except for Abigail. Richard told Abigail that if she did not agree to the new merger then he was going to demote her once the process was over. Richard has used which form of dealing with resistance to change? a) negotiation b) participation c) coercion d) manipulation What are the three aspects of human capital that enhance competitive advantage? a) value, rareness, and importance b) rarest, innovative ability, and importance c) morals vision, and inntablity d) value, rareness, and inimitability Julian recognizes that her sales numbers are low for the month of June. when she asks around she realizes that everyone has low sales numbers for the month. this an example of a high degree of _____ a) b) distinctiveness c) consistency d) consensus Encourages ideas & feedback, real respect for group, disappointment when groups idea fail a) organizational support b) supervisory support c) coordinated support d) work group Personality traits like self-discipline, delayed gratification, and independence are associated with which component of creativity? a) domain-relevant b) intrinsic task c) creativity-relevant d)extrinsic enviro lethargic, ill-tempered, and ornery. What type of mood? a) appositive affect b) positive affect c) negative intelligence d) negative affect completing routine, monotonous task a) compliance b) resistance c) adherence d) commitment leader called Superleader a) transactional b) empowering c) directive d) visionary hoping for help with report because of BBQ last weekend a) personal appeals b) rational appeals c) coalition building d) inspirational appeals in order to flourish in a work environment with economic factors that are in flux, on must_____ a) align with powerful political factors b) adapt and learn new skills c) be autocratic leader d) gain new coding experience formalized plans and routines a) stories b) ceremonies c) symbols d) rituals visualize project and set goals for more tedious tasks. rewards self after completing project. a) authentic leadership b) self-determination c) self-confidence d) self-leadership indifferent to task and only make minimal effort a) compliance b) resistance c) adherence d) commitment which is part of the job characteristics model?