Fracture and Amputation Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update
Bone - Answers highly specialized connective tissue composed of cells calcified in an organic osteoid
matrix
membranous stage - Answers gradual replacement of tissue in an osteoid matrix; becomes bones of the
face, cranial vault
MPS 6 - Answers Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome
endochondral stage - Answers mesenchymal cells will form into cartilage, cartilage breaks down by
blood vessels and becomes bone;
becomes long bones, spine, scapula, sternum and ribs
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
osteocytes - Answers 3 types of bone cells:
Osteoblasts - Answers cells responsible for bone formation
Osteoclasts - Answers cells responsible for bone resorption
osteocytes - Answers "living element of a bone"; provides nutrition
organic material - Answers composed of 20% of bone weight
Collagen type 1
Inorganic material - Answers composed of 70% of bone weight
phosphates & carbohydrates
water - Answers 10% of bone weight
haversian system - Answers long patent columns that are irregularly parallel along the axis of the shaft
of the bones.
havesian canal - Answers central spaces located in between the Haversian system.
Lamellae - Answers concentric layers of intercellular substances that surrounds the canal
Lacunae - Answers spaces in between Lamellae; where osteophytes can be found
Canaliculi - Answers links the lacunae; process of the osteophytes
volkman's canal - Answers transverse/oblique channel that transmit blood.
, Long bones - Answers type of bone which length is greater than its width
short bones - Answers type of bone which length is almost equal to its width
sesamoid bone - Answers sesame-shaped bone
flat bones - Answers type of bone thats flat, thin, or curve
complex bone - Answers irregular shape bones
medullary canal (endosteum) - diaphysis (shaft) - periosteum - metaphysis, epiphyseal plate, epiphysis -
Answers layers of long bone from within to outward
grade 1 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate, incomplete fx
grade 2 - Answers Salter Harris:
triangular segment of metaphysis
grade 3 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate + epiphysis
grade 4 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate + epiphysis + metaphysis
grade 5 - Answers crushed epiphyseal plate
Fracture - Answers a break or a discontinuity of a bone
incomplete fx - Answers (+) break or avulsion
complete fx - Answers total discontinuity
open fx - Answers compound fx;
(+) communication with surrounding tissue
close fx - Answers simple;
(-) wound, (-) communiication
grade 1 - Answers Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
<1 cm wound
grade 2 - Answers Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
Bone - Answers highly specialized connective tissue composed of cells calcified in an organic osteoid
matrix
membranous stage - Answers gradual replacement of tissue in an osteoid matrix; becomes bones of the
face, cranial vault
MPS 6 - Answers Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome
endochondral stage - Answers mesenchymal cells will form into cartilage, cartilage breaks down by
blood vessels and becomes bone;
becomes long bones, spine, scapula, sternum and ribs
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
osteocytes - Answers 3 types of bone cells:
Osteoblasts - Answers cells responsible for bone formation
Osteoclasts - Answers cells responsible for bone resorption
osteocytes - Answers "living element of a bone"; provides nutrition
organic material - Answers composed of 20% of bone weight
Collagen type 1
Inorganic material - Answers composed of 70% of bone weight
phosphates & carbohydrates
water - Answers 10% of bone weight
haversian system - Answers long patent columns that are irregularly parallel along the axis of the shaft
of the bones.
havesian canal - Answers central spaces located in between the Haversian system.
Lamellae - Answers concentric layers of intercellular substances that surrounds the canal
Lacunae - Answers spaces in between Lamellae; where osteophytes can be found
Canaliculi - Answers links the lacunae; process of the osteophytes
volkman's canal - Answers transverse/oblique channel that transmit blood.
, Long bones - Answers type of bone which length is greater than its width
short bones - Answers type of bone which length is almost equal to its width
sesamoid bone - Answers sesame-shaped bone
flat bones - Answers type of bone thats flat, thin, or curve
complex bone - Answers irregular shape bones
medullary canal (endosteum) - diaphysis (shaft) - periosteum - metaphysis, epiphyseal plate, epiphysis -
Answers layers of long bone from within to outward
grade 1 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate, incomplete fx
grade 2 - Answers Salter Harris:
triangular segment of metaphysis
grade 3 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate + epiphysis
grade 4 - Answers Salter Harris:
epiphyseal plate + epiphysis + metaphysis
grade 5 - Answers crushed epiphyseal plate
Fracture - Answers a break or a discontinuity of a bone
incomplete fx - Answers (+) break or avulsion
complete fx - Answers total discontinuity
open fx - Answers compound fx;
(+) communication with surrounding tissue
close fx - Answers simple;
(-) wound, (-) communiication
grade 1 - Answers Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
<1 cm wound
grade 2 - Answers Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
