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Essential JavaScript Interview Questions for Developers

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Prepare for your next web development job interview with this comprehensive PDF featuring 100+ JavaScript interview questions. Covering fundamental concepts like closures, async/await, promises, event loops, and more advanced topics like prototypes, hoisting, and JavaScript design patterns. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced developer, these questions will help you brush up on your JavaScript knowledge and ace your technical interviews. Ideal for freshers, experienced developers, and anyone looking to improve their JS skills before a job interview.

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Institution
Course

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JavaScript Interview Questions i




JavaScript Interview Questions

,JavaScript Interview Questions ii




Contents


1 Javascript: An Overview 1
1.1 What is Javascript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Javascript Code Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.1 Implementing Javascript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.2 Writing Javascript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.3 Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Javascript Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2 Theoretical Questions 5
2.1 Can you name two programming paradigms important for JavaScript app developers? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 What is functional programming? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.3 What is the difference between classical inheritance and prototypal inheritance? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.4 When is prototypal inheritance an appropriate choice? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.5 What is asynchronous programming, and why is it important in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.6 What are JavaScript data types? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.7 What is the difference between "==" and "==="? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.8 What is an undefined value in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.9 What are the different types of errors in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.10 Define event bubbling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.11 What is the significance, and what are the benefits, of including use strict at the beginning of a JavaScript source
file? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.12 What are Screen objects? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3 Code Output Questions 9
3.1 What will the code below output to the console and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2 What will the code below output to the console and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.3 What will the code below output? Explain your answer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4 Consider the following code snippet: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.4.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
3.5 What will the code below output to the console and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

,JavaScript Interview Questions iii



3.5.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.6 The following recursive code will cause a stack overflow if the array list is too large. How can you fix this and
still retain the recursive pattern? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.6.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.7 What will the code below output to the console and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.7.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.8 What will be the output when the following code is executed? Explain. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.8.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

4 Write Code Questions 14
4.1 What will the code below output to the console and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.1.1 Answer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.2 Write a sum method which will work properly when invoked using either syntax below. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.3 Write a simple function (less than 80 characters) that returns a boolean indicating whether or not a string is a
palindrome. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4 Functional Javascript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4.1 Given the following array, build me an array of cars with those colours: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.4.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.5 Dynamic Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.5.1 I’ve created an array of 1000 cars. When I call run on the first car, I want it to run as normal. When I call
run on any of the others and any cars created in the future, I want it to run as normal, but also log The
color car is now running to the console. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.5.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
4.6 Binding Shim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.6.1 Can you shim the "bind" function? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.6.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.7 Animation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.7.1 How could you implement moveLeft animation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.7.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.8 Memorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.8.1 How could you implement cache to save calculation time for a recursive fibonacci function? . . . . . . . 16
4.8.1.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.8.2 How could you cache execution of any function? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.8.2.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.8.3 How could you set a prefix before everything you log? for example, if you log(my message) it will log:
"(app) my message"? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.8.3.1 Answer: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

, JavaScript Interview Questions iv



5 Rapid Fire - Tricky Questions 18
5.1 Is false false? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.2 Is ’ ’ false? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.3 Is Boolean(function(){}) true or false? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.4 What is 2 + true? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.5 What is 6+9? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.6 What is the value of +dude? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.7 If you have var y = 1, x = y = typeof x; What is the value of x? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
5.8 If var a = (2, 3, 5); what is the value of a? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.9 What is -5%2? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
5.10 What is typeof arguments? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

6 Essential Questions 20
6.1 What is the drawback of creating true private methods in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.2 What will be the output of the code below? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
6.3 What is a "closure" in JavaScript? Provide an example. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.4 Write a mul function which will produce the following outputs when invoked: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
6.5 How to empty an array in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.5.1 One Solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.6 What will be the output of the following code? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.7 What is the difference between the function declarations below? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
6.8 What will be the output of the code below? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.9 Consider the following code: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.10 Hoisting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
6.10.1 What’s the result of executing this code and why? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

7 General Questions 25
7.1 What is ‘this’ keyword in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.2 What is the difference between ViewState and SessionState? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.3 Does JavaScript support automatic type conversion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.4 How can you read and write a file using JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.5 How can you read and write a file using JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
7.6 What is the use of Void(0)? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.7 What are JavaScript Cookies? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.8 How can a particular frame be targeted, from a hyperlink, in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.9 Explain the role of deferred scripts in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.10 How can a particular frame be targeted, from a hyperlink, in JavaScript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.11 What does a timer do and how would you implement one? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
7.12 Explain the concept of unobtrusive Javascript? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.13 What is "event delegation" and how does it work? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.14 What is the importance of tag? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.15 What is the difference between window.onload and onDocumentReady? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8 A Final Note 28

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