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,Public Health and Society, Current Issues
Lillian D. Burke, Barbara Weill
File: Chapter 1
End-of-Chapter Answers
Review Exercises
True/False
1. There is a gap in life expectancy between the rich and the poor in the U.S. (True)
2. Wealth and income inequality have been increasing since 1967. (True)
3. The less education you have, the better your health. (False)
4. Poverty affects life expectancy. (True)
5. As incomes rise, stress levels rise. (False)
6. Stress has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. (True)
7. The United States has the highest child mortality rate of the top 20 nations and the
highest child poverty rate in the developed world. (True)
8. There is no gap between the wages of Black and white workers in the United States.
(False)
9. Mass incarceration has no effect on health. (False)
10. There is a gap in life expectancy between Blacks and whites. (True)
11. Wealth is less unevenly distributed than income. (True)
12. Racism negatively affects health. (True)
13. Between 1980 and 2016, the share of the top 1 percent of wage earners grew, while the
share of the bottom 50 percent dropped. (True)
14. Both absolute poverty and social inequality are important determinants of health. (True)
15. Currently, a large majority of Americans see themselves as solidly middle class. (False)
16. Women are more likely to live in poverty than men. (True)
17. There is no gender wage gap for doctors. (False)
18. When women enter a previously male-dominated field, the pay declines. (True)
Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 1
,Public Health and Society, Current Issues
Lillian D. Burke, Barbara Weill
File: Chapter 1
End-of-Chapter Answers
19. Transgender adolescents are less likely to attempt suicide than their peers. (False)
20. Minimum wage increases appear to reduce the suicide rate among those with a high
school education or less. (True)
Fill-ins
1. __________ includes what you earn—your wage or salary. (Income)
2. ___________ refers to what you own, your assets minus your debt. (Wealth)
3. ___________income refers to the income in the middle of an income distribution, with
half the incomes above it and half below. (Median)
4. A food ____________ family does not have the money to buy enough food to feed
everyone in the household. (insecure)
5. _____________ labeled neighborhoods with large Black populations as “hazardous,”
making it impossible to get a mortgage. (Redlining)
6. ___________or ___________ refer to negative feelings and actions by individuals
toward people because they belong to another race or ethnicity. (Bias or Prejudice)
7. ____________ or institutional racism involves institutions that have a disproportionately
negative effect on a group; in the U.S., the group is people of color. (Structural)
8. ______________ refers to the practice of targeting people believed to be more likely to
commit crimes. (Racial profiling)
9. ______________ policies allow a police officer to stop anyone without arrest and search
for weapons and drugs based on “reasonable suspicion” that the person has committed or
will commit a crime. (Stop-and-frisk)
10. As years of ___________ decline, the chances of being poor increase. (education)
Critical Thinking
Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 2
, Public Health and Society, Current Issues
Lillian D. Burke, Barbara Weill
File: Chapter 1
End-of-Chapter Answers
1. What proposals would you offer to address the problem of structural racism?
2. What efforts would you suggest to eliminate health inequities in our society?
3. How do the following socioeconomic factors—income, wealth, and education—affect
health outcomes?
4. Explain and provide examples of how food insecurity and homelessness contribute to
poor health.
Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company 3