Chem 106 Exam 4 || ANSWERED CORRECTRY
Type or compounds in organic chemistry - Correct Answer carbon
Hybridization states - Correct Answer sp3=tetrahedral=109.5
sp2=trigonal planar=120
sp=linear=180
4 hydrocarbons - Correct Answer alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
aromatic hydrocarbons
alkanes - Correct Answer only single bonds
saturated (as many H as possible)
the only van der Waals force=London dispersion force
boiling point increases with length of chain
sp3- only sigma bonds-free rotation about c-c bonds
unreactive, nonpolar
isomers - Correct Answer same molecular formula, but different bonding order
cycloalkanes - Correct Answer rings
5, 6 membered rings = most stable (smaller than that, get strained and break easily)
alkenes - Correct Answer at least one c=c double bond
unsaturated
sp2-not free rotation around double bond
, addition reaction: 2 atoms add across the double bond (1 pi-bond and 1 sigma-bond are replaced by 2
sigma-bonds)
alkynes - Correct Answer at least one c-c triple bond
unsaturated
sp-linear around triple bond
aromatic hydrocarbons - Correct Answer cyclic hydrocarbons
p-orbital on each atom (planar molecule)
resonance- pi-electrons are delocalized, which stabilizes it
-undergo substitution rather than addition (H replaced by substituent)
reactions often require a catalyst
substituents on benzene ring - Correct Answer ortho=on adjacent carbons
meta=with one carbon between them
para=on opposite sides of ring
functional group - Correct Answer where reactions tend to occur
Alcohols - Correct Answer one or more --OH
much more acidic than hydrocarbons
Ethers - Correct Answer --O--
unreactive
polar
Aldehydes - Correct Answer at least 1 H is attached to the C=O
Ketones - Correct Answer 2 C's bonded to C=O
Type or compounds in organic chemistry - Correct Answer carbon
Hybridization states - Correct Answer sp3=tetrahedral=109.5
sp2=trigonal planar=120
sp=linear=180
4 hydrocarbons - Correct Answer alkanes
alkenes
alkynes
aromatic hydrocarbons
alkanes - Correct Answer only single bonds
saturated (as many H as possible)
the only van der Waals force=London dispersion force
boiling point increases with length of chain
sp3- only sigma bonds-free rotation about c-c bonds
unreactive, nonpolar
isomers - Correct Answer same molecular formula, but different bonding order
cycloalkanes - Correct Answer rings
5, 6 membered rings = most stable (smaller than that, get strained and break easily)
alkenes - Correct Answer at least one c=c double bond
unsaturated
sp2-not free rotation around double bond
, addition reaction: 2 atoms add across the double bond (1 pi-bond and 1 sigma-bond are replaced by 2
sigma-bonds)
alkynes - Correct Answer at least one c-c triple bond
unsaturated
sp-linear around triple bond
aromatic hydrocarbons - Correct Answer cyclic hydrocarbons
p-orbital on each atom (planar molecule)
resonance- pi-electrons are delocalized, which stabilizes it
-undergo substitution rather than addition (H replaced by substituent)
reactions often require a catalyst
substituents on benzene ring - Correct Answer ortho=on adjacent carbons
meta=with one carbon between them
para=on opposite sides of ring
functional group - Correct Answer where reactions tend to occur
Alcohols - Correct Answer one or more --OH
much more acidic than hydrocarbons
Ethers - Correct Answer --O--
unreactive
polar
Aldehydes - Correct Answer at least 1 H is attached to the C=O
Ketones - Correct Answer 2 C's bonded to C=O
