MUSCULAR SYSTEM
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Mr. Eric Mahinay| 1St Semester | BSN – 1B
S.Y. 2023 – 2024
Function of Muscles • Sites of muscle attachment:
• Produce movement ➢ Bones
• Maintain posture ➢ Cartilages
• Stabilize joints ➢ Connective tissue coverings
• Generate heat
Smooth Muscle
The Muscular System • Has no striations
• Responsible for all types of body movement • Spindle-shaped cells
• 3 basic muscle types in the body:
➢ Skeletal Muscle • Single nucleus
➢ Cardiac Muscle • Involuntary – no
➢ Smooth Muscle conscious control
• Found mainly in walls of
Characteristics of Muscles
hollow organs
• Muscle cells are elongated (muscles cell =
muscles fiber) Cardiac Muscle
• Contraction of muscles are due to movement of • Has striations
microfilaments • Usually has single nucleus
• All muscle shares some terminology • Joined at another muscle call
➢ Prefix myo refers to muscle at an intercalated disc
➢ Prefix mys refers to muscle • Involuntary
➢ Prefix sarco refers to flesh • Only in the Heart
CHARACTERISTICS of TYPES • Branched, cylindrical
NAMING of Skeletal Muscles
Skeletal Muscle • Direction of Muscle
• Most are attached by tendons and bones fibers
• Cells are multinucleate ➢ e.g., rectus
• Striated – have visible banding (straight)
• Voluntary – conscious control • Relative size of the
• Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective Muscle
tissue ➢ e.g., maximus
• Long, cylindrical (largest)
• Location of Muscle
Connective Tissues Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
➢ e.g., many
• Endomysium –
muscles named
around single
for bones (e.g.,
muscle fiber
temporalis)
• Perimysium –
• Number of origins
around fascicle
➢ e.g., triceps (3
(bundle) of fibers
heads)
• Epimysium –
Origin: attached to bone that does
covers the entire
NOT move
skeletal muscle
Insertion: attached to bone that
• Fascia – on the
MOVES
outside of the
• Location of Muscle’s origin and insertion
epimysium
➢ e.g., Sterno (on the
Skeletal Muscle Attachments sternum)
• Epimysium blends into a connective tissue • Shape of the Muscle
attachment ➢ e.g., deltoid
➢ Tendon – cord-like structure (triangular), trapezius
➢ Aponeuroses – sheet-like structure (trapezoid)
TRANS BY: IOLA PRINCESS AMADO 1
ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
Mr. Eric Mahinay| 1St Semester | BSN – 1B
S.Y. 2023 – 2024
Function of Muscles • Sites of muscle attachment:
• Produce movement ➢ Bones
• Maintain posture ➢ Cartilages
• Stabilize joints ➢ Connective tissue coverings
• Generate heat
Smooth Muscle
The Muscular System • Has no striations
• Responsible for all types of body movement • Spindle-shaped cells
• 3 basic muscle types in the body:
➢ Skeletal Muscle • Single nucleus
➢ Cardiac Muscle • Involuntary – no
➢ Smooth Muscle conscious control
• Found mainly in walls of
Characteristics of Muscles
hollow organs
• Muscle cells are elongated (muscles cell =
muscles fiber) Cardiac Muscle
• Contraction of muscles are due to movement of • Has striations
microfilaments • Usually has single nucleus
• All muscle shares some terminology • Joined at another muscle call
➢ Prefix myo refers to muscle at an intercalated disc
➢ Prefix mys refers to muscle • Involuntary
➢ Prefix sarco refers to flesh • Only in the Heart
CHARACTERISTICS of TYPES • Branched, cylindrical
NAMING of Skeletal Muscles
Skeletal Muscle • Direction of Muscle
• Most are attached by tendons and bones fibers
• Cells are multinucleate ➢ e.g., rectus
• Striated – have visible banding (straight)
• Voluntary – conscious control • Relative size of the
• Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective Muscle
tissue ➢ e.g., maximus
• Long, cylindrical (largest)
• Location of Muscle
Connective Tissues Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle
➢ e.g., many
• Endomysium –
muscles named
around single
for bones (e.g.,
muscle fiber
temporalis)
• Perimysium –
• Number of origins
around fascicle
➢ e.g., triceps (3
(bundle) of fibers
heads)
• Epimysium –
Origin: attached to bone that does
covers the entire
NOT move
skeletal muscle
Insertion: attached to bone that
• Fascia – on the
MOVES
outside of the
• Location of Muscle’s origin and insertion
epimysium
➢ e.g., Sterno (on the
Skeletal Muscle Attachments sternum)
• Epimysium blends into a connective tissue • Shape of the Muscle
attachment ➢ e.g., deltoid
➢ Tendon – cord-like structure (triangular), trapezius
➢ Aponeuroses – sheet-like structure (trapezoid)
TRANS BY: IOLA PRINCESS AMADO 1
