Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass and weight. substance or material the substance or different properties
• e.g. mass, volume, length, material • has something to do with
Phases of Matter height • e.g. color, odor, taste, the properties present in
MACROSCOPIC SOLID LIQUID GAS solubility, density, boiling chemical reactions
PROPERTIES point, melting point
SHAPE definite indefinite indefinite
VOLUME definite definite indefinite
DENSITY higher high low Changes in Matter
DIFFUSION RATE very slow slow fast Physical Change Chemical Change
COMPRESSIBILITY extremely difficult difficult to very easy to • no change in the fixed composition of a • involves chemical reactions
to compress compress compress substance or material • wherein a new substance is formed
• no new substance is formed with entirely new properties
MICROSCOPIC SOLID LIQUID GAS • e.g. phase change • the properties of the original materials
PROPERTIES are different from those of the
MOLECULAR closely packed slightly separated widely separated products after the reaction occurred
ARRANGEMENT
MOLECULAR MOTION molecules move molecules move molecules move Classification of Matter
very little (vibrate) freely fast and freely 1. Pure Substance
MOLECULAR exhibits strong exhibits medium exhibits weak IMFA It exhibits only one phase.
INTERACTION IMFA strength IMFA It has a definite composition
It cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
Plasma Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) Examples of pure substances include water, gold, glucose, salt, carbon dioxide,
CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS oxygen and hydrogen.
• a cloud of protons, neutrons and • first predicted in the 1920s by Elements Compounds
electrons Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein • Simplest kind of matter Two or more elements chemically
• the most common state of matter in the • first produced by Eric Cornell and Carl • It cannot be physically broken down combined in definite proportions.
universe comprising more than 99% of Wieman in 1995 at the University of into simpler substances It can be chemically separated into
the visible universe Colorado • Made up of the same atoms simpler substances
• occurs naturally and makes up the stuff • the atoms are close to the point of not • Metal, nonmetal, metalloids Acids, bases, salt
of the sun, the core of stars and in moving at all
supernovas • a gaseous superfluid phase formed by 2. Mixture
• On earth, plasma is naturally occurring atoms cooled to temperatures very near Mixtures are made up of two or more component substances that can be
in flames, lightning and the auroras. to absolute zero separated by physical means.
• a state of matter that is only possible at Sand and gravel, gulaman, soap solution, salt solution, 30% alcohol solution, air,
low temperatures beer, starch with water, etc.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Phase Change Process • Hetero “different” Homo “one”
Endothermic Process Exothermic Process • Components are identified easily. Components cannot be recognized in a
• process or reaction that absorbs • process or reaction that releases • Colloids and suspension mixture
energy in the form of heat. energy in the form of heat. Exhibits only one phase
• Thus, melting, evaporation and • Thus, condensation, freezing and Solution
sublimation are examples of deposition are examples of
endothermic processes exothermic processes
Properties of Matter
Extensive Physical Intensive Physical Chemical Properties
Properties Properties • depend on the ability of a
• depend on the QUANTITY • depend on the QUALITY substance to form a new
or AMOUNT of the or INNATE properties of substance with entirely
,
• e.g. mass, volume, length, material • has something to do with
Phases of Matter height • e.g. color, odor, taste, the properties present in
MACROSCOPIC SOLID LIQUID GAS solubility, density, boiling chemical reactions
PROPERTIES point, melting point
SHAPE definite indefinite indefinite
VOLUME definite definite indefinite
DENSITY higher high low Changes in Matter
DIFFUSION RATE very slow slow fast Physical Change Chemical Change
COMPRESSIBILITY extremely difficult difficult to very easy to • no change in the fixed composition of a • involves chemical reactions
to compress compress compress substance or material • wherein a new substance is formed
• no new substance is formed with entirely new properties
MICROSCOPIC SOLID LIQUID GAS • e.g. phase change • the properties of the original materials
PROPERTIES are different from those of the
MOLECULAR closely packed slightly separated widely separated products after the reaction occurred
ARRANGEMENT
MOLECULAR MOTION molecules move molecules move molecules move Classification of Matter
very little (vibrate) freely fast and freely 1. Pure Substance
MOLECULAR exhibits strong exhibits medium exhibits weak IMFA It exhibits only one phase.
INTERACTION IMFA strength IMFA It has a definite composition
It cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical means.
Plasma Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) Examples of pure substances include water, gold, glucose, salt, carbon dioxide,
CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS oxygen and hydrogen.
• a cloud of protons, neutrons and • first predicted in the 1920s by Elements Compounds
electrons Satyendra Nath Bose and Albert Einstein • Simplest kind of matter Two or more elements chemically
• the most common state of matter in the • first produced by Eric Cornell and Carl • It cannot be physically broken down combined in definite proportions.
universe comprising more than 99% of Wieman in 1995 at the University of into simpler substances It can be chemically separated into
the visible universe Colorado • Made up of the same atoms simpler substances
• occurs naturally and makes up the stuff • the atoms are close to the point of not • Metal, nonmetal, metalloids Acids, bases, salt
of the sun, the core of stars and in moving at all
supernovas • a gaseous superfluid phase formed by 2. Mixture
• On earth, plasma is naturally occurring atoms cooled to temperatures very near Mixtures are made up of two or more component substances that can be
in flames, lightning and the auroras. to absolute zero separated by physical means.
• a state of matter that is only possible at Sand and gravel, gulaman, soap solution, salt solution, 30% alcohol solution, air,
low temperatures beer, starch with water, etc.
Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Phase Change Process • Hetero “different” Homo “one”
Endothermic Process Exothermic Process • Components are identified easily. Components cannot be recognized in a
• process or reaction that absorbs • process or reaction that releases • Colloids and suspension mixture
energy in the form of heat. energy in the form of heat. Exhibits only one phase
• Thus, melting, evaporation and • Thus, condensation, freezing and Solution
sublimation are examples of deposition are examples of
endothermic processes exothermic processes
Properties of Matter
Extensive Physical Intensive Physical Chemical Properties
Properties Properties • depend on the ability of a
• depend on the QUANTITY • depend on the QUALITY substance to form a new
or AMOUNT of the or INNATE properties of substance with entirely
,
