Pharmacology for Nurses. A Pathophysiologic Approach Adams - Holland -
Urban (Unit 1) Questions with Answers
Pharmacology - correct answer-Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs travel in
the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - correct answer-A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - correct answer-A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
biologics - correct answer-agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by the body
itself
Mechanism of Action - correct answer-how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
Bioavailability - correct answer-the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - correct answer-Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - correct answer-Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or how the drug
produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - correct answer-Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL: (1/2)-2-(p-
isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - correct answer-Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost more. When
rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - correct answer-Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
,Over the counter drugs (OTC) - correct answer-can be purchased without a prescription
Black Box Warnings - correct answer-One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
Contraindications - correct answer-factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients taking herbal medicines? - correct
answer-patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential herb-drug interactions
U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) - correct answer-1820; 1st comprehensive publication formulary used in the
U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
USP and National Formulary (NF) - correct answer-1852-1975, two drug standards in the US by the
American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2. National Formulary (NF) -
pharmaceutical ingredients.
U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF) - correct answer-1975 merged into a single publication
Biologic Control Act - correct answer-1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
Pure Food and Drug Act - correct answer-1906 - Established government control (FDA) for labeling
medicines
Shirley Amendment - correct answer-1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
, Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - correct answer-1938- Thorough testing of drug;
Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - correct answer-1994-Controls misleading industry
claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - correct answer-1. Preclinical investigation
(1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing; inspections)
Addiction - correct answer-The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeated
Dependence - correct answer-A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - correct answer-An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation of the
nervous system to repeated drug use.
Psychological dependence - correct answer-Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is withdrawn,
but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
Controlled Substances - correct answer-Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. Have a
high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
Teratogenic Drug Classification - correct answer-Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most danger to the fetus.
Urban (Unit 1) Questions with Answers
Pharmacology - correct answer-Study of medicine; how drugs are administered; where drugs travel in
the body,
Response that drugs produce.
drug - correct answer-A chemical substance that is taken to cause changes in a person's
body or behavior
medication - correct answer-A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain.
biologics - correct answer-agents naturally produced in animal cells, in microorganisms, or by the body
itself
Mechanism of Action - correct answer-how a drug produces its physiological effect in the body
Bioavailability - correct answer-the extent to which the body can absorb and use a nutrient
Therapeutic classification of drugs: - correct answer-Based on what the drug does clinically
Pharmacologic Classification - correct answer-Based on the drug's mechanism of action, or how the drug
produces its effect
Most Drugs have three names - correct answer-Chemical, Generic, Trade (CHEMICAL: (1/2)-2-(p-
isobutylphenyl) propionic acid; GENERIC: ibuprofen; TRADE: Motrin)
Generic vs. Trade-Name Drugs - correct answer-Trade name drugs with exclusive rights cost more. When
rights end, competing companies offer generic form cheaper
prescription drugs - correct answer-Drugs legally available only with a physician's order.
,Over the counter drugs (OTC) - correct answer-can be purchased without a prescription
Black Box Warnings - correct answer-One of the primary alerts for identifying
extreme adverse drug reactions discovered
during and after the review
process; 1997 FDA created "Black Box Warnings"
Contraindications - correct answer-factors that prevent the use of a drug or treatment
why should healthcare professionals be concerned about patients taking herbal medicines? - correct
answer-patients could be putting themselves at risk, potential herb-drug interactions
U.S. Pharmacopoeia (USP) - correct answer-1820; 1st comprehensive publication formulary used in the
U.S.; drug purity, strength, and directions for synthesis.
USP and National Formulary (NF) - correct answer-1852-1975, two drug standards in the US by the
American Pharmaceutical Association (APhA). 1. USP - all drug products. 2. National Formulary (NF) -
pharmaceutical ingredients.
U.S. Pharacopoeia -National Formulary (USP-NF) - correct answer-1975 merged into a single publication
Biologic Control Act - correct answer-1902 standardized serum and blood-related products
Pure Food and Drug Act - correct answer-1906 - Established government control (FDA) for labeling
medicines
Shirley Amendment - correct answer-1912 - Prohibited drugs labeled with false therapeutic
claims
, Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) and amendments - correct answer-1938- Thorough testing of drug;
Proof of safety and efficacy of drug
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 - correct answer-1994-Controls misleading industry
claims
Four Stages of Approval for Therapeutic and Biologic Drugs - correct answer-1. Preclinical investigation
(1-3 years, average 18months)
2. Clinical investigation (2-10 years; average 5 years)
3. Review of new drug application (NDA) (2 months -7 years, average 24 months)
4. Postmarketing surveillance (adverse reaction reporting; surveys/sampling/testing; inspections)
Addiction - correct answer-The overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeated
Dependence - correct answer-A physiological or psychological need for a substance
Physical dependence - correct answer-An altered physical condition caused by the adaptation of the
nervous system to repeated drug use.
Psychological dependence - correct answer-Few signs of physical discomfort when drug is withdrawn,
but intense compelling desire to continue drug use
Controlled Substances - correct answer-Are restricted by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. Have a
high potential for addiction or dependence. Have restricted use.
Are placed into one of five schedules:
Schedule I drugs have the highest abuse potential,
Schedule V the lowest
Teratogenic Drug Classification - correct answer-Five categories of risk that a drug poses to
a fetus in the case of a pregnant woman
taking the drug. A, B, C, D, and X; Class A is the safest, while X poses the most danger to the fetus.
