Page 1 of 33
NP 2 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM 2024 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with emphysema, angina, and
hypertension. Before administering the prescribed daily dose of atenolol
100 mg PO, the nurse assesses the patient carefully. Which of the
following adverse effects is this patient at risk for given the patient's health
history?
A) HypocapniaB) TachycardiaC) BronchospasmD) Nausea and vomiting -
answer-C) Bronchospasm
Atenolol is a cardioselective β1-adrenergic blocker that reduces blood
pressure and could affect the β2-receptors in the lungs with larger doses or
with drug accumulation. Although the risk of bronchospasm is less with
cardioselective β-blockers than nonselective β-blockers, atenolol should be
used cautiously in patients with COPD.
Which of the following intraoperative nursing responsibilities would be
performed by the scrub nurse? (Select all that apply.)
A) Documenting intraoperative careB) Keeping track of irrigation solutions
for monitoring of blood
lossC) Passing instruments and supplies to the surgeon by
anticipating his or her needsD) Coordinating the flow and activities of
members of the surgical
team in the surgical suiteE) Performing the count of sponges, needles, and
instruments
used during the surgical procedure - answer-B) Keeping track of irrigation
solutions for monitoring of blood
, Page 2 of 33
loss
C) Passing instruments and supplies to the surgeon by
anticipating his or her needs
E) Performing the count of sponges, needles, and instruments
used during the surgical procedure
Both the scrub nurse and circulating nurse will participate in the counting of
surgical sponges, needles and instruments, whereas passing instruments
to the surgeon is the exclusive responsibility of the scrub nurse. The
circulating nurse takes primary responsibility for the coordination of the
surgical suite and documentation.
Unless contraindicated by the surgical procedure, which of the following
positions is preferred for the unconscious patient immediately
postoperative?
A) SupineB) LateralC) Semi-Fowler'sD) High-Fowler's - answer-B) Lateral
Unless contraindicated by the surgical procedure, the unconscious patient
is positioned in a lateral "recovery" position. This recovery position keeps
the airway open and reduces the risk of aspiration. Once conscious, the
patient is usually returned to a supine position with the head of the bed
elevated.
During recovery from anesthesia in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU), a
patient's vital signs are blood pressure 118/72, pulse 76, respirations 12,
and SpO2 91%. The patient is sleepy but awakens easily. Which action
should the nurse take at this time?
, Page 3 of 33
A) Place the patient in a side-lying position
B) Encourage the patient to take deep breaths
C) Prepare to transfer the patient from the PACU
D) Increase the rate of the postoperative IV fluids - answer-B) Encourage
the patient to take deep breaths
The patient's borderline SpO2 and sleepiness indicate hypoventilation. The
nurse should remind the patient to take deep breaths. Placing the patient in
a lateral position is needed when the patient first arrives in the PACU and is
unconscious. The stable BP and pulse indicate that no changes in fluid
intake are required. The patient is not fully awake and has a low SpO2;
initiating a transfer from the PACU is not appropriate.
The nurse teaches a patient with hypertension that uncontrolled
hypertension may damage organs in the body primarily by which of the
following mechanisms?
A)Hypertension promotes atherosclerosis and damage to the
walls of the arteries.B) Hypertension causes direct pressure on organs,
resulting in
necrosis and replacement of cells with scar tissue.C) Hypertension causes
thickening of the capillary membranes,
leading to hypoxia of organ systems.D) Hypertension increases blood
viscosity, which contributes to
intravascular coagulation and tissue necrosis distal to
occlusions. - answer-A)Hypertension promotes atherosclerosis and
damage to the
walls of the arteries.
, Page 4 of 33
Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis
by mechanisms not yet fully known. However, once atherosclerosis
develops, it damages the walls of arteries and reduces circulation to target
organs and tissues.
In reviewing medication instructions with a patient being discharged on
antihypertensive medications, which of the following statements would be
most appropriate for the nurse to make when discussing atenolol
(Tenormin)?
A)"A fast heart rate is a side effect to watch for while taking
atenolol."B) "Stop the drug and notify your doctor if you experience any
nausea or vomiting."C) "Because this drug may affect the lungs in large
doses, it may
also help your breathing."D) "Make position changes slowly, especially
when going from a
lying down to a standing position." - answer-D) "Make position changes
slowly, especially when going from
a lying down to a standing position."
Atenolol is a β1-adrenergic blocker and antihypertensive agent that can
cause orthostatic hypotension. For this reason, the patient should be
instructed to rise slowly, especially when moving from a recumbent to a
standing position.
The nurse is caring for a pt admitted with a history of HTN. The patient's
medication history includes hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) daily for the
past 10 years. Which of the following parameters would indicate the optimal
intended effect of this drug therapy?
NP 2 FINAL ACTUAL EXAM 2024 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
The nurse is caring for a patient admitted with emphysema, angina, and
hypertension. Before administering the prescribed daily dose of atenolol
100 mg PO, the nurse assesses the patient carefully. Which of the
following adverse effects is this patient at risk for given the patient's health
history?
A) HypocapniaB) TachycardiaC) BronchospasmD) Nausea and vomiting -
answer-C) Bronchospasm
Atenolol is a cardioselective β1-adrenergic blocker that reduces blood
pressure and could affect the β2-receptors in the lungs with larger doses or
with drug accumulation. Although the risk of bronchospasm is less with
cardioselective β-blockers than nonselective β-blockers, atenolol should be
used cautiously in patients with COPD.
Which of the following intraoperative nursing responsibilities would be
performed by the scrub nurse? (Select all that apply.)
A) Documenting intraoperative careB) Keeping track of irrigation solutions
for monitoring of blood
lossC) Passing instruments and supplies to the surgeon by
anticipating his or her needsD) Coordinating the flow and activities of
members of the surgical
team in the surgical suiteE) Performing the count of sponges, needles, and
instruments
used during the surgical procedure - answer-B) Keeping track of irrigation
solutions for monitoring of blood
, Page 2 of 33
loss
C) Passing instruments and supplies to the surgeon by
anticipating his or her needs
E) Performing the count of sponges, needles, and instruments
used during the surgical procedure
Both the scrub nurse and circulating nurse will participate in the counting of
surgical sponges, needles and instruments, whereas passing instruments
to the surgeon is the exclusive responsibility of the scrub nurse. The
circulating nurse takes primary responsibility for the coordination of the
surgical suite and documentation.
Unless contraindicated by the surgical procedure, which of the following
positions is preferred for the unconscious patient immediately
postoperative?
A) SupineB) LateralC) Semi-Fowler'sD) High-Fowler's - answer-B) Lateral
Unless contraindicated by the surgical procedure, the unconscious patient
is positioned in a lateral "recovery" position. This recovery position keeps
the airway open and reduces the risk of aspiration. Once conscious, the
patient is usually returned to a supine position with the head of the bed
elevated.
During recovery from anesthesia in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU), a
patient's vital signs are blood pressure 118/72, pulse 76, respirations 12,
and SpO2 91%. The patient is sleepy but awakens easily. Which action
should the nurse take at this time?
, Page 3 of 33
A) Place the patient in a side-lying position
B) Encourage the patient to take deep breaths
C) Prepare to transfer the patient from the PACU
D) Increase the rate of the postoperative IV fluids - answer-B) Encourage
the patient to take deep breaths
The patient's borderline SpO2 and sleepiness indicate hypoventilation. The
nurse should remind the patient to take deep breaths. Placing the patient in
a lateral position is needed when the patient first arrives in the PACU and is
unconscious. The stable BP and pulse indicate that no changes in fluid
intake are required. The patient is not fully awake and has a low SpO2;
initiating a transfer from the PACU is not appropriate.
The nurse teaches a patient with hypertension that uncontrolled
hypertension may damage organs in the body primarily by which of the
following mechanisms?
A)Hypertension promotes atherosclerosis and damage to the
walls of the arteries.B) Hypertension causes direct pressure on organs,
resulting in
necrosis and replacement of cells with scar tissue.C) Hypertension causes
thickening of the capillary membranes,
leading to hypoxia of organ systems.D) Hypertension increases blood
viscosity, which contributes to
intravascular coagulation and tissue necrosis distal to
occlusions. - answer-A)Hypertension promotes atherosclerosis and
damage to the
walls of the arteries.
, Page 4 of 33
Hypertension is a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis
by mechanisms not yet fully known. However, once atherosclerosis
develops, it damages the walls of arteries and reduces circulation to target
organs and tissues.
In reviewing medication instructions with a patient being discharged on
antihypertensive medications, which of the following statements would be
most appropriate for the nurse to make when discussing atenolol
(Tenormin)?
A)"A fast heart rate is a side effect to watch for while taking
atenolol."B) "Stop the drug and notify your doctor if you experience any
nausea or vomiting."C) "Because this drug may affect the lungs in large
doses, it may
also help your breathing."D) "Make position changes slowly, especially
when going from a
lying down to a standing position." - answer-D) "Make position changes
slowly, especially when going from
a lying down to a standing position."
Atenolol is a β1-adrenergic blocker and antihypertensive agent that can
cause orthostatic hypotension. For this reason, the patient should be
instructed to rise slowly, especially when moving from a recumbent to a
standing position.
The nurse is caring for a pt admitted with a history of HTN. The patient's
medication history includes hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) daily for the
past 10 years. Which of the following parameters would indicate the optimal
intended effect of this drug therapy?
