MGT 764 MSU Final Exam Fall 2024 | Essay Questions and
Quiz Questions
1. Discuss the different models of change as presented in the textbook and by Schein (1990).
What are some reasons management might want to intentionally change the culture of their
organization? Why are people resistant to change and what steps can management take to change
organizational culture? ** Answ** a. (1)Artifacts (2)Espoused Values (3)Basic underlying
Assumptions (4) Enacted Values
b. (1)technological changes and enhancements in the external environment
(2) future changes in the industry
(3) political and legal changes in the external environment
c. (1)Fear of a new change
(2) ignorant because of changing technology
(3)Fear of losing the jobs due to technological advancements.
(4)Lack of knowledge regarding the change
d. (1)By informing the employees of benefits and requirement of the necessary change the
organization
(2)By imparting professional and proper training
(3)By introducing rewards and motivational sessions
2. What is organizational culture? Distinguish culture from climate and discuss the ways in
which culture is formed and manifested in organizations. ** Answ** a. set of shared values,
assumptions and beliefs that governs and dictates how the employee behave, dress, act, and
performs their jobs in an organization
b. (1) culture - foundation on which an organization is built. -- develops over the longer term and
consists of the values, beliefs, norms and traditions guide how the organization does its business
and how people behave. -- significant role in influencing all aspects of life within the
organization and outside world
,(2) climate -It shapes the body of the organization. -- short term fluctuation and is determined by
many factors which include leadership, structure, rewards and recognition -- surface level --
more to do with the mood or prevailing atmosphere -- what it feels like to work in the
organization
c. teach, define, reward, live, and measure
3. Considering the leadership theories that we read about and discussed, what do you consider
leadership to be? Is there any difference between a leader and a manager? What factors do you
think provide for effective leadership? Is it possible that situations may exist in which leadership
is not necessary? Explain your answer. ** Answ** a. The ability to lead the group in a right
manner and making the people work by creating interest
b. Leader inspires, motivates, and encourages (employees follow based on respect). Manager
organizes, manages, and co-ordinates what employees do (employees don't always follow)
c. Knowledge, Set an example, Fair, Goal Oriented, Maintain Integrity, or/and Emotional
Intelligence
d. Substitutes for Leadership = (1) Individual -individual professionalism, motivation, experience
and training, indifference to rewards (2) Job - structured, highly controlled, intrinsically
satisfying, embedded feedback (3) Group - group norms, group cohesiveness (4) Organization -
procedures and rules, explicit goals and objectives, reward system
4. What is transformational leadership? Discuss the different dimensions of this type of
leadership and the characteristics of transformational leaders. What are some
correlates/outcomes of transformational leadership and how might these leaders affect job
behaviors? What role does charisma play in transformational leadership and what are the
differences (if any) between a transformational and a charismatic leader? ** Answ** a.
leader works with subordinates to identify needed change, creating a vision to guide the change
through inspiration, and executing the change in tandem with committed members of a group.
b. Transformational leadership serves to enhance the motivation, morale, and job performance
(1) connecting the follower's sense of identity and self to a project and to the collective identity
of the organization (2) being a role model for followers aka II (3) challenging followers to take
, greater ownership for their work (3) understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers,
allowing the leader to align followers with tasks that enhance their performance aka IC
c. characteristics - Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness to experience, Agreeableness,
Conscientiousness
d. (1) Idealized Influence - role model (2) Inspirational Motivation - inspire
(3) Individualized Consideration - understand strengths and weaknesses
(4) Intellectual Stimulation - innovative and creative
e. Charismatic leaders also are sometimes called transformational leaders because they share
multiple similarities. Their main difference is focus and audience. Charismatic leaders often try
to make the status quo better, while transformational leaders focus on transforming organizations
into the leader's vision.
5. What factors are important for effective group and team performance in organizations? What
are some functional group leader roles that might support group and team effectiveness? What
specific behaviors might leaders perform in order to create factors important for group success?
** Answ** a. Factors - Cohesion, Communication, Stability, Trust, Clear role identification
b. (1) Encourage open and direct communication
(2) Ensure participation from every member
(3) Lead projects and provide support
(4) Resolve the conflicts between members in a team
(5) Assign roles and responsibilities to every member (no overlapping)
c. (1) Organize group or team outings for increasing cohesion
(2) Trust the team members and give them authority to make decision in respective areas
(3) Analyze individual behavior of members and have face to face discussion if any issue
6. What steps can managers take to empower teams in organizations? To what degree, if any,
does team empowerment relate to team performance? ** Answ** a. (1) managers should be
ready to give some powers to the team and ensure that empowerment should be used by the
employees in the most effective manner (guidance before independent empowerment is
necessary)
Quiz Questions
1. Discuss the different models of change as presented in the textbook and by Schein (1990).
What are some reasons management might want to intentionally change the culture of their
organization? Why are people resistant to change and what steps can management take to change
organizational culture? ** Answ** a. (1)Artifacts (2)Espoused Values (3)Basic underlying
Assumptions (4) Enacted Values
b. (1)technological changes and enhancements in the external environment
(2) future changes in the industry
(3) political and legal changes in the external environment
c. (1)Fear of a new change
(2) ignorant because of changing technology
(3)Fear of losing the jobs due to technological advancements.
(4)Lack of knowledge regarding the change
d. (1)By informing the employees of benefits and requirement of the necessary change the
organization
(2)By imparting professional and proper training
(3)By introducing rewards and motivational sessions
2. What is organizational culture? Distinguish culture from climate and discuss the ways in
which culture is formed and manifested in organizations. ** Answ** a. set of shared values,
assumptions and beliefs that governs and dictates how the employee behave, dress, act, and
performs their jobs in an organization
b. (1) culture - foundation on which an organization is built. -- develops over the longer term and
consists of the values, beliefs, norms and traditions guide how the organization does its business
and how people behave. -- significant role in influencing all aspects of life within the
organization and outside world
,(2) climate -It shapes the body of the organization. -- short term fluctuation and is determined by
many factors which include leadership, structure, rewards and recognition -- surface level --
more to do with the mood or prevailing atmosphere -- what it feels like to work in the
organization
c. teach, define, reward, live, and measure
3. Considering the leadership theories that we read about and discussed, what do you consider
leadership to be? Is there any difference between a leader and a manager? What factors do you
think provide for effective leadership? Is it possible that situations may exist in which leadership
is not necessary? Explain your answer. ** Answ** a. The ability to lead the group in a right
manner and making the people work by creating interest
b. Leader inspires, motivates, and encourages (employees follow based on respect). Manager
organizes, manages, and co-ordinates what employees do (employees don't always follow)
c. Knowledge, Set an example, Fair, Goal Oriented, Maintain Integrity, or/and Emotional
Intelligence
d. Substitutes for Leadership = (1) Individual -individual professionalism, motivation, experience
and training, indifference to rewards (2) Job - structured, highly controlled, intrinsically
satisfying, embedded feedback (3) Group - group norms, group cohesiveness (4) Organization -
procedures and rules, explicit goals and objectives, reward system
4. What is transformational leadership? Discuss the different dimensions of this type of
leadership and the characteristics of transformational leaders. What are some
correlates/outcomes of transformational leadership and how might these leaders affect job
behaviors? What role does charisma play in transformational leadership and what are the
differences (if any) between a transformational and a charismatic leader? ** Answ** a.
leader works with subordinates to identify needed change, creating a vision to guide the change
through inspiration, and executing the change in tandem with committed members of a group.
b. Transformational leadership serves to enhance the motivation, morale, and job performance
(1) connecting the follower's sense of identity and self to a project and to the collective identity
of the organization (2) being a role model for followers aka II (3) challenging followers to take
, greater ownership for their work (3) understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers,
allowing the leader to align followers with tasks that enhance their performance aka IC
c. characteristics - Extraversion, Neuroticism, Openness to experience, Agreeableness,
Conscientiousness
d. (1) Idealized Influence - role model (2) Inspirational Motivation - inspire
(3) Individualized Consideration - understand strengths and weaknesses
(4) Intellectual Stimulation - innovative and creative
e. Charismatic leaders also are sometimes called transformational leaders because they share
multiple similarities. Their main difference is focus and audience. Charismatic leaders often try
to make the status quo better, while transformational leaders focus on transforming organizations
into the leader's vision.
5. What factors are important for effective group and team performance in organizations? What
are some functional group leader roles that might support group and team effectiveness? What
specific behaviors might leaders perform in order to create factors important for group success?
** Answ** a. Factors - Cohesion, Communication, Stability, Trust, Clear role identification
b. (1) Encourage open and direct communication
(2) Ensure participation from every member
(3) Lead projects and provide support
(4) Resolve the conflicts between members in a team
(5) Assign roles and responsibilities to every member (no overlapping)
c. (1) Organize group or team outings for increasing cohesion
(2) Trust the team members and give them authority to make decision in respective areas
(3) Analyze individual behavior of members and have face to face discussion if any issue
6. What steps can managers take to empower teams in organizations? To what degree, if any,
does team empowerment relate to team performance? ** Answ** a. (1) managers should be
ready to give some powers to the team and ensure that empowerment should be used by the
employees in the most effective manner (guidance before independent empowerment is
necessary)
