Propylthiouracil (PTU) - ANSWER Hyperthyroidism
CNS: drowsiness, headache, paresthesia, vertigo
CV: edema, vasculitis
GI: HEPATOTOXICITY, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of taste
What is emphysema? - ANSWER destruction of alveolar wall and of the
pulmonary capillary bed leading to decreased ability to oxygenate blood
What is bronchitis? - ANSWER - inflammation of the bronchi
- thick excessive bronchial secretions
Can you cure COPD? - ANSWER Not curable, but is preventable. Also,
can be managed once diagnosed.
What is a hallmark sign of someone with emphysema? - ANSWER
dyspnea
What is a hallmark sign of someone with bronchitis? - ANSWER
productive cough
What type of COPD is more common? - ANSWER bronchitis
What type of COPD has a higher incidence of death? - ANSWER
emphysema
When administering a bronchodilator and a steroid, which one do you
give first? - ANSWER always administer bronchodilator, then administer
steroid
,What should one do after taking a steroid inhaler? - ANSWER rinse
mouth after steroid inhaler, including the combo ones
What is our biggest concern with beta 2 stimulants? What should we do
about it? - ANSWER They constrict in the circulatory system. So monitor
BP and pulse once given.
What is anemia? - ANSWER short supply of circulating RBCs leading to
impairment in transportation of oxygen
What interventions would be included in the POC in someone with
anemia? - ANSWER - Iron rich foods
- Stool softeners
- Iron supplements
- O2 administration
- HOB >30
- Frequent checks
What are some signs and symptoms of anemia? - ANSWER - Weakness
- Fatigue
- Pallor
- Exertional dyspnea
- Dizziness
- Lethargy
What is atherosclerosis? - ANSWER fatty build up (cholesterol)
What is arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER hardening of the arteries
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have pain? - ANSWER
due to ischemia r/t decreased O2, nerves, blockage
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have syncope? -
ANSWER - lack of blood flow to the brain causes LOC
- extra blood flow to parts of the body and not enough going back will
cause an imbalance
,Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have dyspnea? -
ANSWER increased RR with pain, lack of O2, increase in pressure
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have edema? -
ANSWER pooling of blood, venous return/arterial flow is all altered and
area will become edematous
What causes peripheral aneurysms? - ANSWER unmanaged
hypertension
Why can arterial blockage cause a thrombus? - ANSWER when you
slow the blood flow enough, a clot can develop spontaneously
What is claudication? - ANSWER cramping or pain in leg muscles
brought on by walking or exercise
"if you're legs are talking while you're walking, you better listen"
Why does claudication occur? - ANSWER metabolic demand of O2 has
increased and pain is caused by release of lactic acid
When is claudication a concern? - ANSWER when the pain doesn't go
away once exercise has stopped
What is ischemia? - ANSWER a temporary deficiency of blood flow to an
organ or tissue
Why is time important when treating ischemia? - ANSWER Since, we
can treat it, reverse it, and stop it, time is very important. The longer we
wait, the closer it'll be to being irreversible.
What is necrosis? - ANSWER tissue death
Where is tPA administered? - ANSWER given in acute care only
What happens after tPA is administered? - ANSWER a patient will go
from not feeling anything to feeling extreme pain
, Should you manage the pain that starts after tPA is administered? -
ANSWER yes, by administering IV pain medication
What is angina pectoris? - ANSWER pain or pressure in the chest area
due to inadequate blood flow and oxygenation
What is the priority during angina pectoris? - ANSWER to restore blood
and oxygen flow
What happens if angina pectoris is not stopped? - ANSWER leads to MI
What are some causes of angina pectoris? - ANSWER atherosclerosis,
arteriosclerosis, or thrombosis
What is acute coronary syndrome/MI/heart attack? - ANSWER blood
supply to the heart is stopped
What does do troponin levels tell us? - ANSWER Troponin is a stress
hormone. The higher the level of anoxia of the heart, the higher the
troponin. If it is decreasing, the MI is stopping.
What will CMP tell us? - ANSWER Will give you a better picture of a
multisystem effect (kidneys, liver, etc.) of a MI
What does ANP/BNP levels tell us? - ANSWER These hormones are
elevated when your heart is under stress and you are retaining fluids. It
is a sign of heart failure.
What is heart failure? - ANSWER Inability of the Heart to meet the
metabolic demands of the body
Which sided heart failure is more common? - ANSWER left
What does left sided heart failure lead to? - ANSWER left sided heart
failure leads to backing up in the lungs (congestion)
What are some signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure? -
ANSWER - dyspnea
CNS: drowsiness, headache, paresthesia, vertigo
CV: edema, vasculitis
GI: HEPATOTOXICITY, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of taste
What is emphysema? - ANSWER destruction of alveolar wall and of the
pulmonary capillary bed leading to decreased ability to oxygenate blood
What is bronchitis? - ANSWER - inflammation of the bronchi
- thick excessive bronchial secretions
Can you cure COPD? - ANSWER Not curable, but is preventable. Also,
can be managed once diagnosed.
What is a hallmark sign of someone with emphysema? - ANSWER
dyspnea
What is a hallmark sign of someone with bronchitis? - ANSWER
productive cough
What type of COPD is more common? - ANSWER bronchitis
What type of COPD has a higher incidence of death? - ANSWER
emphysema
When administering a bronchodilator and a steroid, which one do you
give first? - ANSWER always administer bronchodilator, then administer
steroid
,What should one do after taking a steroid inhaler? - ANSWER rinse
mouth after steroid inhaler, including the combo ones
What is our biggest concern with beta 2 stimulants? What should we do
about it? - ANSWER They constrict in the circulatory system. So monitor
BP and pulse once given.
What is anemia? - ANSWER short supply of circulating RBCs leading to
impairment in transportation of oxygen
What interventions would be included in the POC in someone with
anemia? - ANSWER - Iron rich foods
- Stool softeners
- Iron supplements
- O2 administration
- HOB >30
- Frequent checks
What are some signs and symptoms of anemia? - ANSWER - Weakness
- Fatigue
- Pallor
- Exertional dyspnea
- Dizziness
- Lethargy
What is atherosclerosis? - ANSWER fatty build up (cholesterol)
What is arteriosclerosis? - ANSWER hardening of the arteries
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have pain? - ANSWER
due to ischemia r/t decreased O2, nerves, blockage
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have syncope? -
ANSWER - lack of blood flow to the brain causes LOC
- extra blood flow to parts of the body and not enough going back will
cause an imbalance
,Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have dyspnea? -
ANSWER increased RR with pain, lack of O2, increase in pressure
Why would someone with peripheral aneurysms have edema? -
ANSWER pooling of blood, venous return/arterial flow is all altered and
area will become edematous
What causes peripheral aneurysms? - ANSWER unmanaged
hypertension
Why can arterial blockage cause a thrombus? - ANSWER when you
slow the blood flow enough, a clot can develop spontaneously
What is claudication? - ANSWER cramping or pain in leg muscles
brought on by walking or exercise
"if you're legs are talking while you're walking, you better listen"
Why does claudication occur? - ANSWER metabolic demand of O2 has
increased and pain is caused by release of lactic acid
When is claudication a concern? - ANSWER when the pain doesn't go
away once exercise has stopped
What is ischemia? - ANSWER a temporary deficiency of blood flow to an
organ or tissue
Why is time important when treating ischemia? - ANSWER Since, we
can treat it, reverse it, and stop it, time is very important. The longer we
wait, the closer it'll be to being irreversible.
What is necrosis? - ANSWER tissue death
Where is tPA administered? - ANSWER given in acute care only
What happens after tPA is administered? - ANSWER a patient will go
from not feeling anything to feeling extreme pain
, Should you manage the pain that starts after tPA is administered? -
ANSWER yes, by administering IV pain medication
What is angina pectoris? - ANSWER pain or pressure in the chest area
due to inadequate blood flow and oxygenation
What is the priority during angina pectoris? - ANSWER to restore blood
and oxygen flow
What happens if angina pectoris is not stopped? - ANSWER leads to MI
What are some causes of angina pectoris? - ANSWER atherosclerosis,
arteriosclerosis, or thrombosis
What is acute coronary syndrome/MI/heart attack? - ANSWER blood
supply to the heart is stopped
What does do troponin levels tell us? - ANSWER Troponin is a stress
hormone. The higher the level of anoxia of the heart, the higher the
troponin. If it is decreasing, the MI is stopping.
What will CMP tell us? - ANSWER Will give you a better picture of a
multisystem effect (kidneys, liver, etc.) of a MI
What does ANP/BNP levels tell us? - ANSWER These hormones are
elevated when your heart is under stress and you are retaining fluids. It
is a sign of heart failure.
What is heart failure? - ANSWER Inability of the Heart to meet the
metabolic demands of the body
Which sided heart failure is more common? - ANSWER left
What does left sided heart failure lead to? - ANSWER left sided heart
failure leads to backing up in the lungs (congestion)
What are some signs and symptoms of left sided heart failure? -
ANSWER - dyspnea
