PN106 GI and GU Exam Questions and Answers |100% Pass

PN106 GI and GU Exam Questions and Answers |100% Pass Physical Assessment for GU - Answer--VS: Hypertension occurs with kidney disease -Lung Sounds: Crackles indicate fluid overload -Edema: Indicates fluid overload -Daily Weights -I&O -Skin: Yellow or gray cast; uremic frost urinary tract infection (UTI) - Answer--Invasion of urinary tract by bacteria -Urinary tract sterile beyond urethra -Most common hospital-acquired infection (HAI) -Mostly caused by E. Coli UTI Risk Factors - Answer-• Urinary retention • Contamination in Peri area (fecal, intercourse, vaginitis, prostatitis, genital piercings) • Instrumentation • Reflex from faulty valves • Previous UTI EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 Page 2/20 • Female anatomy • Aging changes UTI common s/s - Answer-Urgency, frequency, burning, cloudy foul-smelling urine, hematuria, pelvic pain UTI s/s in older adults - Answer-fatigue, confusion, delirium UTI complications - Answer-•Urosepsis: Sepsis caused by U T I -Serious -Common in older adult UTI Nursing Data Collection - Answer--Predisposing factors Catheter, recent urinary instrumentation, surgery -s/s -Voiding pattern -Inspect urine for volume, color, concentration, cloudiness, blood, foul odor -Review urinalysis and culture UTI Nursing Process Nursing Care - Answer--Administer antimicrobials as ordered -Provide pain control: heat, urinary analgesics -Monitor symptoms -Monitor I&O EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 Page 3/20 UTI Nursing Process Teaching - Answer--Medications: Take all antimicrobial medications -Increase fluids -UTI s/s: recognize and report -Prevention: Interventions Kidney injury concerns - Answer--Loss of kidney function -Azotemia (High levels of urea and other nitrogen compounds in the blood) -Oliguric (decreased to no urine output) -High levels of K+ in blood Process of urine formation - Answer-Urine made in kidneys, goes through ureters to bladder, stores in bladder, excreted through urethra Effects of aging of GU - Answer-• Bladder -Decrease bladder size and tone of detrusor muscle • Kidneys -Decreased ability to concentrate urine -Glomerular filtration rate decreases -Nephrons decrease • Males -Prostate enlarges EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 Page 4/20 •Females -Pelvic floor muscle decreases -Prone to bladder infections, urinary incont, and urethral irritation ileal conduit (urostomy) education - Answer--Avoid some tight clothing -Keep a watertight seal around stoma to prevent leakage and skin irritation -Stoma may prolapse or protrude further from abdominal surface. Drainage bag must be replaced to keep seal - Urinary lab tests - Answer--Urinalysis -Urine culture -Renal function tests (serum creatinine, BUN, serum uric acid) Urinary radiological studies - Answer--Kidney, ureter, bladder xray: Tumors, swollen kidneys, kidney stones -Pyelogram: Imaging of renal pelvis, calyces, ureter (IV contast, retrograde contrast (through ureter), antegrade contrast (percutaneous needle puncture into renal pelvis) -Renal angiography: Dye visualizes renal arteries Urinary endoscopic procedure - Answer-Cytoscope inserted into the bladder through the urethra Renal biopsy - Answer--Percutaneous or Small Incision EMILLYCHARLOTTE 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YAER ©2024 EMILLYCHARLOTTE. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH SEPTEMBER 2024 Page 5/20 -Pre-Care: NPO, Mild Sedative -Post Care Vital Signs, Observe for Bleeding Biopsy Site, Urine -Pressure Dressing The nurse is to administer an antibiotic and collect a urine for culture and sensitivity. When should the nurse administer the antibiotic? 1.Before collecting the urine specimen 2.After collecting the urine specimen 3.After obtaining the culture results 4.After reviewing the sensitivity report - Answer-2 Which of the following are postprocedure care for a renal biopsy