Prosthetics & Orthotics Midterm Questions With Complete
Solutions
Anterior elbow splint Correct Answer -can be used to prevent
elbow flexion contractures
-good for blocking elbow flexion (often for cubital tunnel at
night)
-most comfortable at about 30 deg of flexion
-consider leaving space for cubital fossa while constructing over
the elbow creases
Application of force Correct Answer direction of pull must be
90 deg from angle of axis of jt, and perpendicular to axis of
rotation
Assist (PACC) Correct Answer weak muscles (so body parts
can be positioned for function)
Based on anatomy, what is the best position to splint the hand
in? Correct Answer -as close to normal as possible
-often intrinsic plus as it puts the tissues at length and mimics a
functional hand position (converges fingers towards the
scaphoid)
Basic Interventions used with wrist, hand, forearm, and elbow
injuries Correct Answer -edema control
-scar management
-tendon gliding exercises
-blocking exercises
,Basic splinting biomechanical principles to follow Correct
Answer -3 straps located proximal, on, and distal to the jt.
spread evenly to distribute pressure
-forearm trough should be at least 2/3 length of forearm
-sides should always be 1/2 width of forearm
-do not block jt creases that should be allowed to move
-axis point of splint pressure should always be at axis of
movement, not the joint
Billing for orthoses Correct Answer use Healthcare Common
Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) L codes
Biomechanical principles that are applied to serial static,
dynamic, and static progressive splints Correct Answer -creep
-mechanical advantage
-application of force
blocking exercises Correct Answer technique to improve
tendon gliding/excursion - can assist capsular stretch
involves blocking finger joints from flexing or extending to
increase tendon force at impacted joint
Bonding Correct Answer ability of material to adhere to itself
when heated
Boutonniere Deformity Correct Answer -hyperextension of
DIP with PIP flexion
-caused by rupture of central slip at PIP that displaces the lateral
bands and shorten the ORI
, Boutonniere deformity splint Correct Answer -Full extension
of PIP with DIP free so it can pull on the lateral bands to prevent
shortening
-usually splinted dorsally to allow DIP and MP flexion
-keep on for 6-8 weeks
Capsular end feel Correct Answer -feels somewhat firm or
leathery but has some give
-ex: shoulder ER or hip IR
Carpal tunnel tx Correct Answer -nerve gliding
-tendon sliding
-ergonomics/postural modification
-night splinting with wrist in neutral-30 deg of extension and
MPs free
choice of orthotic material depends on... Correct Answer
function of the orthosis
ability to position the client
which material is available
amount of rigidity/support required of orthosis
thickness of available material
therapist's preference/availability
cost/cosmetic appearance
colles fx Correct Answer often from a FOOSH and causes
dorsal displacement of the fractured piece, and volar
displacement of the radius
Solutions
Anterior elbow splint Correct Answer -can be used to prevent
elbow flexion contractures
-good for blocking elbow flexion (often for cubital tunnel at
night)
-most comfortable at about 30 deg of flexion
-consider leaving space for cubital fossa while constructing over
the elbow creases
Application of force Correct Answer direction of pull must be
90 deg from angle of axis of jt, and perpendicular to axis of
rotation
Assist (PACC) Correct Answer weak muscles (so body parts
can be positioned for function)
Based on anatomy, what is the best position to splint the hand
in? Correct Answer -as close to normal as possible
-often intrinsic plus as it puts the tissues at length and mimics a
functional hand position (converges fingers towards the
scaphoid)
Basic Interventions used with wrist, hand, forearm, and elbow
injuries Correct Answer -edema control
-scar management
-tendon gliding exercises
-blocking exercises
,Basic splinting biomechanical principles to follow Correct
Answer -3 straps located proximal, on, and distal to the jt.
spread evenly to distribute pressure
-forearm trough should be at least 2/3 length of forearm
-sides should always be 1/2 width of forearm
-do not block jt creases that should be allowed to move
-axis point of splint pressure should always be at axis of
movement, not the joint
Billing for orthoses Correct Answer use Healthcare Common
Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) L codes
Biomechanical principles that are applied to serial static,
dynamic, and static progressive splints Correct Answer -creep
-mechanical advantage
-application of force
blocking exercises Correct Answer technique to improve
tendon gliding/excursion - can assist capsular stretch
involves blocking finger joints from flexing or extending to
increase tendon force at impacted joint
Bonding Correct Answer ability of material to adhere to itself
when heated
Boutonniere Deformity Correct Answer -hyperextension of
DIP with PIP flexion
-caused by rupture of central slip at PIP that displaces the lateral
bands and shorten the ORI
, Boutonniere deformity splint Correct Answer -Full extension
of PIP with DIP free so it can pull on the lateral bands to prevent
shortening
-usually splinted dorsally to allow DIP and MP flexion
-keep on for 6-8 weeks
Capsular end feel Correct Answer -feels somewhat firm or
leathery but has some give
-ex: shoulder ER or hip IR
Carpal tunnel tx Correct Answer -nerve gliding
-tendon sliding
-ergonomics/postural modification
-night splinting with wrist in neutral-30 deg of extension and
MPs free
choice of orthotic material depends on... Correct Answer
function of the orthosis
ability to position the client
which material is available
amount of rigidity/support required of orthosis
thickness of available material
therapist's preference/availability
cost/cosmetic appearance
colles fx Correct Answer often from a FOOSH and causes
dorsal displacement of the fractured piece, and volar
displacement of the radius
