HOSA Nutrition Test
Macronutrients - ANScarbohydrates, lipids, proteins & water
Main function & caloric intake of Carbohydrates - ANSenergy, 4 Kilocalories, 50-60% of daily caloric
intake
Main function & caloric intake of Lipids - ANSstorage of energy; 9Kcal; less than 30 % of daily caloric
intake
Main function & caloric intake of Protein - ANSstructure; 4Kcal; or 15-25% of daily caloric intake
3 main catagories of carbohydrates - ANSmonosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
Monosaccharide - ANSsimplest: glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharide - ANSsucrose, maltose, lactose & lactulose
Polysaccharide - ANSstarch, glycogen, soluble & insoluble
Fiber is subdivided into - ANSsoluble & insoluble
RDA for fibers is - ANS25-35 per day
Soluble fiber - ANShelps to reduce blood cholesterol levels
Insoluble fiber - ANSis important for colon health
, 4 disorders of carbohydrate metabolism - ANSgalactosemia, primary lactase deficiency, lactose
intolerance, sucrase deficiency
Galatosemia - ANSinherited, early onset, accumulation of galatose in blood, severe symptoms = failure
to thrive
Primary lactase deficiency - ANSbody cannot digest lactose, GI symptoms, early onset
Lactose intolerance - ANSlater onset, varied severity, various causes: inheritance, increased antibiotic
use
Sucrase deficiency - ANSsimilar to lactase deficiency:body cannot digest sucrase, GI symptoms, early
onset
Functions of Carbohydrates - ANSprimary energy source for energy; balance protein & fat metabolism;
fiber: important for bowel fx, waste elimination & blood sugar control; liver detox
Amino acids - ANSthe basic building blocks for proteins
Proteins are subdivided into - ANSessential & nonessential
Urea/Ammonia - ANSthe main waste product produced by protein metabolism
Dietary sources of protein - ANScomplete: animal based; incomplete: plant based
Complete & incomplete protein forms - ANSare based upon the range of amino acids present
Disorders of protein - ANSCeliac disease & Milk protein allergy
2 types of protein malnutrition - ANSMaramus; Kwashiorkor disease
Macronutrients - ANScarbohydrates, lipids, proteins & water
Main function & caloric intake of Carbohydrates - ANSenergy, 4 Kilocalories, 50-60% of daily caloric
intake
Main function & caloric intake of Lipids - ANSstorage of energy; 9Kcal; less than 30 % of daily caloric
intake
Main function & caloric intake of Protein - ANSstructure; 4Kcal; or 15-25% of daily caloric intake
3 main catagories of carbohydrates - ANSmonosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
Monosaccharide - ANSsimplest: glucose, fructose, galactose
Disaccharide - ANSsucrose, maltose, lactose & lactulose
Polysaccharide - ANSstarch, glycogen, soluble & insoluble
Fiber is subdivided into - ANSsoluble & insoluble
RDA for fibers is - ANS25-35 per day
Soluble fiber - ANShelps to reduce blood cholesterol levels
Insoluble fiber - ANSis important for colon health
, 4 disorders of carbohydrate metabolism - ANSgalactosemia, primary lactase deficiency, lactose
intolerance, sucrase deficiency
Galatosemia - ANSinherited, early onset, accumulation of galatose in blood, severe symptoms = failure
to thrive
Primary lactase deficiency - ANSbody cannot digest lactose, GI symptoms, early onset
Lactose intolerance - ANSlater onset, varied severity, various causes: inheritance, increased antibiotic
use
Sucrase deficiency - ANSsimilar to lactase deficiency:body cannot digest sucrase, GI symptoms, early
onset
Functions of Carbohydrates - ANSprimary energy source for energy; balance protein & fat metabolism;
fiber: important for bowel fx, waste elimination & blood sugar control; liver detox
Amino acids - ANSthe basic building blocks for proteins
Proteins are subdivided into - ANSessential & nonessential
Urea/Ammonia - ANSthe main waste product produced by protein metabolism
Dietary sources of protein - ANScomplete: animal based; incomplete: plant based
Complete & incomplete protein forms - ANSare based upon the range of amino acids present
Disorders of protein - ANSCeliac disease & Milk protein allergy
2 types of protein malnutrition - ANSMaramus; Kwashiorkor disease
