Physical science revision and activities

FLAME TESTS




PHYSICAL SCIENCES
REVISION AND ACTIVITY BOOK
GRADE 10
2023
The Electromagnetic Spectrum

,Physical Sciences Revision and Activity Book FS/2023
Grade 10


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Topic 1: Transverse pulses on a string or spring ............................................................................. 3
Topic 2: Transverse waves ............................................................................................................. 9
Topic 3: Longitudinal waves .......................................................................................................... 13
Topic 4: Sound.............................................................................................................................. 16
Topic 5: Electromagnetic radiation (EM Radiation)........................................................................ 22
Topic 6: Electrostatics ................................................................................................................... 26
Topic 7: Electric circuits ................................................................................................................ 31
Topic 8: Matter and its classification.............................................................................................. 41
Topic 9: States of matter and the kinetic molecular theory ............................................................ 45
Topic 10: The atom: basic building block of all matter ................................................................... 50
Topic 11: Periodic Table ............................................................................................................... 56
Topic 12: Chemical bonding .......................................................................................................... 60
Topic 13: Physical and Chemical Change ..................................................................................... 62
Topic 14: Representing chemical change ..................................................................................... 67
Topic 15: Quantitative aspects of chemical change ....................................................................... 69
Topic 16: Vectors and scalars ....................................................................................................... 76
Topic 17: Motion in one dimension ................................................................................................ 79
Topic 18: Instantaneous speed & velocity and the equations of motion......................................... 87
Topic 19: Energy ........................................................................................................................... 94
QUESTION PAPERS FOR REVISION ......................................................................................... 97




Front cover spectrum:
https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/electromagnetic-spectrum.html?cutout=1&sortBy=relevant




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, Physical Sciences Revision and Activity Book FS/2023
Grade 10

Topic 1: Transverse pulses on a string or spring

Pulse
A single disturbance transplanted in a medium.

When the particles of the medium Hand makes up-
move perpendicular to the down movement
direction of motion of the pulse
Direction of motion
Transverse pulse

Direction of disturbance




distance
speed =
time
pulse speed
Position




amplitude




displacement of particles

position of rest

Distance
Pulse length



CONCEPTS AND DEFINITIONS
The maximum displacement (disturbance) of a particle in a medium from
Amplitude
its position of rest (equilibrium position).
Medium Substance or material along which the pulse moves.

Pulse A single disturbance that moves in a medium from one point to another.

Pulse length Distance from the starting point to the endpoint of a pulse.
Position of rest The position of the medium (rope or spring) when no disturbance moves
(equilibrium) through it.
Speed The distance travelled per time. / Rate of change of distance.
A single disturbance in a medium perpendicular to the direction of motion
Transverse pulse
of the pulse.



Video 1: Transverse pulses and waves
(Watch until 13:11)



Simulation of a transverse pulse on a string
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/wave-on-a-string/latest/wave-on-a-string_en.html




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, Physical Sciences Revision and Activity Book FS/2023
Grade 10

Experiment 1: Generation of a transverse pulse

Aim: To generate a transverse pulse in a spring or rope

Apparatus
• Slinky (spiral spring) or strong rope
• Piece of string or ribbon

Method
1. Fasten the ribbon to one of the spirals of the slinky. Hold the slinky on the floor.
2. Let a friend hold the other end of the spring tightly or fasten it to an object.
3. Pull the free end of the spring and quickly move it to one side and back to its original position.
Observe the motion of the ribbon.

Results and Questions
1. Sketch the pulse observed in the spring. On the sketch indicate the following:
Position of rest, direction of movement of pulse, direction of displacement (disturbance)
2. In which direction did the pulse travel?
3. In which direction is the disturbance?
4. The ribbon represents a particle on the spring. Does the ribbon move in the direction of the
pulse or in the direction of the disturbance?

Activity 1.1: Classwork/Homework

1. Define each of the following terms:
1.1 Pulse
1.2 Transverse pulse
1.3 Position of rest
1.4 Amplitude

2. A learner generates a transverse pulse in a slinky.
2.1 How must the learner move his hand to generate a transverse pulse?
2.2 How does the direction of motion of the coils of the spring compare to the direction of
motion of the pulse?
2.3 Explain how the motion of the coils of the spring allows the pulse to propagate.
2.4 Sketch the transverse pulse. On the sketch indicate, using labels, the amplitude,
position of rest and pulse length.

3. A pulse has a speed of 0,5 m·s-1. Calculate the time taken for the pulse to move 25 m.




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