ATLS Review Exam 4 2024
1. Assessed first in trauma patient
• Answer: Airway
2. Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement
• Answer: Fourth-degree
3. Complications of head trauma
• Answers:
o Intracerebral hematoma
o Extradural hematoma
o Brain abscess
4. Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis
• Answer: Trauma
,5. Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure
• Answer: Infusion of normal saline
6. Clinical Scenario:
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor
vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours
later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and
oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG
tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Options: A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction
• Answer: D. Transfusion reaction
7. Effective Skin Antiseptics
• Answers:
o Ethanol 70% is an effective skin antiseptic
o Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram-negative skin infections
o Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
,8. Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss
• Answer: 55%
9. How does shivering affect body temperature
• Answer: Increases body temperature
10. Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss
• Answer: 35%
11. Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion
• Answer: Observation
12. Associated with hypovolemic shock
• Answers:
o Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
o Blood shunting to vital organs
o Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous
return
o Low cardiac output
, o Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without
symptom except for mild tachycardia
o Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
o Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat
neck veins
13. The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation
during CPR
• Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
14. Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube
• Answers:
o Ultrasound
o Bilateral breath sounds
o Sustained end-tidal CO₂
15. Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior
chest and abdomen
• Answer: 18%
1. Assessed first in trauma patient
• Answer: Airway
2. Degree of burn that is characterized by bone involvement
• Answer: Fourth-degree
3. Complications of head trauma
• Answers:
o Intracerebral hematoma
o Extradural hematoma
o Brain abscess
4. Most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis
• Answer: Trauma
,5. Intervention that can help prevent development of acute renal failure
• Answer: Infusion of normal saline
6. Clinical Scenario:
A 26-year-old male is resuscitated with blood transfusion after a motor
vehicle collision that was complicated by a fractured pelvis. A few hours
later, the patient becomes febrile, hypotensive with a normal CVP, and
oliguric. Upon examination, the patient is found to be bleeding from the NG
tube and IV sites. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Options: A. Hemorrhagic shock
B. Acute adrenal insufficiency
C. Fat embolism syndrome
D. Transfusion reaction
• Answer: D. Transfusion reaction
7. Effective Skin Antiseptics
• Answers:
o Ethanol 70% is an effective skin antiseptic
o Acetic acid can be used to treat Gram-negative skin infections
o Salicylic acid is used to treat certain skin yeast infections
,8. Class IV hemorrhage indicates what % blood loss
• Answer: 55%
9. How does shivering affect body temperature
• Answer: Increases body temperature
10. Class III hemorrhage indicates what % of blood loss
• Answer: 35%
11. Management of a stable patient with kidney contusion
• Answer: Observation
12. Associated with hypovolemic shock
• Answers:
o Inadequate tissue perfusion with resultant tissue hypoxia
o Blood shunting to vital organs
o Decreased circulating blood volume and decreased venous
return
o Low cardiac output
, o Loss of less than 20% of the blood volume is usually without
symptom except for mild tachycardia
o Patients become orthostatic with losses between 20 and 40%
o Shock is evidenced by tachycardia, hypotension, oliguria, flat
neck veins
13. The most effective method of monitoring the success of resuscitation
during CPR
• Answer: Reactivity of pupils to light
14. Used to ensure correct placement of endotracheal tube
• Answers:
o Ultrasound
o Bilateral breath sounds
o Sustained end-tidal CO₂
15. Total body surface area involved in a burn in an adult to the anterior
chest and abdomen
• Answer: 18%
