PRN1409 CCC3 Exam 3
1. Hypertension definition
high blood pressure
2. Hypertension causes/risk factors
Family history
● African American race
● Increased age
● Obesity
● HLD
● CAD
● Stress
● Smoking
● High salt intake
● Caffeine
3. Hypertension signs and symptoms
blurred vision, angina (chest pain), vertigo (dizziness), dyspnea, headaches, flushing,
nosebleeds and palpitations
4. Hypertension treatment
Lifestyle (weight loss, diet, exercise, low alcohol)
Diuretics
Beta Blockers
Alpha blockers
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
, Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)
Vasodilators
5. Aortic aneurysm definition
-when a weakened section of the aortic wall begins to dilate or balloon outward from
the pressure exerted by the blood flowing through the vessel
-most often found in the abdominal region
6. Aortic aneurysm causes/risk factors
atherosclerosis, trauma, infections, congenital defects
7. Aortic aneurysm signs and symptoms
•Very sudden chest pain
•Comes on full force
•Different blood pressures
8. Aortic aneurysm treatment
Maintain blood pressure at normal level.
Prevent sudden elevations caused by exertion.
Prevent stress, coughing, constipation
Surgical repair
9. Raynaud disease
severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after
exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon
10. Raynaud disease causes
primary vasospastic disorder of unknown origin
, 11. Raynaud disease signs and symptoms
Chronically cold hands, numbness, tingling, and pallor
During an arterial spasm, the skin color changes from pallor to cyanosis to redness
12. Raynaud disease treatment
avoidance of emotional stress and cold and cessation of cigarette smoking
13. Heart failure causes
-Complication that can result from problems such as cardiomyopathy, valvular heart
disease, endocarditis, acute MI, and hypertension
-Two types: Left Sided and Right Sided
14. Heart failure signs and symptoms
Impaired myocardial function - tachycardia, gallop, cardiomegaly, decreased peripheral
pulses, mottled extremities, Pulmonary Congestion - tachypnea, retractions, grunting,
nasal flaring, cough, cyanosis, orthopnea, hepatomegaly, edema, distended neck and
peripheral veins, Systemic venous congestion- decreased urine output, failure to thrive,
decreased exercise tolerance
15. Heart failure treatment
diuretics, diet low in sodium, DASH, fluid restriction as needed
digitalis increase strength of heart condition
16. Cor pulmonale
right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension
17. Cor pulmonale causes
-chronic lung disorders: COPD, CF, fibrotic lung disorders
1. Hypertension definition
high blood pressure
2. Hypertension causes/risk factors
Family history
● African American race
● Increased age
● Obesity
● HLD
● CAD
● Stress
● Smoking
● High salt intake
● Caffeine
3. Hypertension signs and symptoms
blurred vision, angina (chest pain), vertigo (dizziness), dyspnea, headaches, flushing,
nosebleeds and palpitations
4. Hypertension treatment
Lifestyle (weight loss, diet, exercise, low alcohol)
Diuretics
Beta Blockers
Alpha blockers
ACE inhibitors
ARBs
, Calcium Channel Blockers (CCB)
Vasodilators
5. Aortic aneurysm definition
-when a weakened section of the aortic wall begins to dilate or balloon outward from
the pressure exerted by the blood flowing through the vessel
-most often found in the abdominal region
6. Aortic aneurysm causes/risk factors
atherosclerosis, trauma, infections, congenital defects
7. Aortic aneurysm signs and symptoms
•Very sudden chest pain
•Comes on full force
•Different blood pressures
8. Aortic aneurysm treatment
Maintain blood pressure at normal level.
Prevent sudden elevations caused by exertion.
Prevent stress, coughing, constipation
Surgical repair
9. Raynaud disease
severe, sudden vasoconstriction and spasm in fingers and toes followed by cyanosis after
exposure to cold temperature or emotional stress; also called Raynaud phenomenon
10. Raynaud disease causes
primary vasospastic disorder of unknown origin
, 11. Raynaud disease signs and symptoms
Chronically cold hands, numbness, tingling, and pallor
During an arterial spasm, the skin color changes from pallor to cyanosis to redness
12. Raynaud disease treatment
avoidance of emotional stress and cold and cessation of cigarette smoking
13. Heart failure causes
-Complication that can result from problems such as cardiomyopathy, valvular heart
disease, endocarditis, acute MI, and hypertension
-Two types: Left Sided and Right Sided
14. Heart failure signs and symptoms
Impaired myocardial function - tachycardia, gallop, cardiomegaly, decreased peripheral
pulses, mottled extremities, Pulmonary Congestion - tachypnea, retractions, grunting,
nasal flaring, cough, cyanosis, orthopnea, hepatomegaly, edema, distended neck and
peripheral veins, Systemic venous congestion- decreased urine output, failure to thrive,
decreased exercise tolerance
15. Heart failure treatment
diuretics, diet low in sodium, DASH, fluid restriction as needed
digitalis increase strength of heart condition
16. Cor pulmonale
right ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure due to pulmonary hypertension
17. Cor pulmonale causes
-chronic lung disorders: COPD, CF, fibrotic lung disorders
