HESI PATHOPHYSIOLOGY LATEST UPDATED 2024
FINAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE DETAILED
QUESTIONS AND COTRRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
A+ GRADED
After talking w/ the HCP, a male pt continues to have
questions about the results of a prostatic surface antigen
(PSA) screening test and asks the nurse how the PSA
levels become elevated. The nurse should explain which
pathophysiological mechanism? - ANSWER-As the
prostate gland enlarges, its cells contribute more PSA in
the circulating blood
PSA is a glycoprotein found in prostatic epithelial cells,
and elevations are used as a specific tumor markers.
Elevations in PSA are r/t gland volume, ie. benign BPH,
prostatitis, and cancer of the prostate, indicating tumor
cell load. PSA levels are also used to monitor response to
therapy
A 26 yr old male client w/ Hodgkin's disease is scheduled
to undergo radiation therapy. The clinet expresses
,concern about the effect of radiation on his ability to
have children. What info should the nurse provide? -
ANSWER-Permanent sterility occurs in the male client
who receive radiation
Low sperm count and loss of motility are seen in males
w/ Hodgkin's disease b/f any therapy. Radiotherapy
often results in permanent aspermia, or sterility
The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just b/f the
end of inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when
auscultating a client's lungs. How should this finding be
recorded? - ANSWER-Crackles in the right and left lower
lobes
Fine crackles - short, high-pitched sounds heard just b/f
the end of inspiration that are the result of rapid
equalization of pressure when collaped alveoli or
terminal bronchioles suddenly snap open
Wheezing is a continuous high-pitched squeaking or
musical sound caused by rapid vibration of bronchial
, walls that are 1st evident on expiration and may be
audible
A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension
pneumothorax. Which assessment should the nurse
expect to ID? - ANSWER-A deviation of the trachea
toward the side opposite of the pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation
of air in the pleural space, causing severely high
intrapleural pressure. This results in collapse of the lung,
and the mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side,
which is subsequently compressed
A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's
chills, fever, and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is
started. The nurse shold recognize these sx as
characteristic of what rxn? - ANSWER-A febrile
transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA,
flushing, and muscle pain.
FINAL EXAM WITH COMPLETE DETAILED
QUESTIONS AND COTRRECT ANSWERS ALREADY
A+ GRADED
After talking w/ the HCP, a male pt continues to have
questions about the results of a prostatic surface antigen
(PSA) screening test and asks the nurse how the PSA
levels become elevated. The nurse should explain which
pathophysiological mechanism? - ANSWER-As the
prostate gland enlarges, its cells contribute more PSA in
the circulating blood
PSA is a glycoprotein found in prostatic epithelial cells,
and elevations are used as a specific tumor markers.
Elevations in PSA are r/t gland volume, ie. benign BPH,
prostatitis, and cancer of the prostate, indicating tumor
cell load. PSA levels are also used to monitor response to
therapy
A 26 yr old male client w/ Hodgkin's disease is scheduled
to undergo radiation therapy. The clinet expresses
,concern about the effect of radiation on his ability to
have children. What info should the nurse provide? -
ANSWER-Permanent sterility occurs in the male client
who receive radiation
Low sperm count and loss of motility are seen in males
w/ Hodgkin's disease b/f any therapy. Radiotherapy
often results in permanent aspermia, or sterility
The nurse hears short, high-pitched sounds just b/f the
end of inspiration in the right and left lower lobes when
auscultating a client's lungs. How should this finding be
recorded? - ANSWER-Crackles in the right and left lower
lobes
Fine crackles - short, high-pitched sounds heard just b/f
the end of inspiration that are the result of rapid
equalization of pressure when collaped alveoli or
terminal bronchioles suddenly snap open
Wheezing is a continuous high-pitched squeaking or
musical sound caused by rapid vibration of bronchial
, walls that are 1st evident on expiration and may be
audible
A client is admitted to the ER w/ a tension
pneumothorax. Which assessment should the nurse
expect to ID? - ANSWER-A deviation of the trachea
toward the side opposite of the pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax is caused by rapid accumulation
of air in the pleural space, causing severely high
intrapleural pressure. This results in collapse of the lung,
and the mediastinum shifts toward the unaffected side,
which is subsequently compressed
A client who is receiving a whole blood transfusion dv's
chills, fever, and a HA 30 min after the transfusion is
started. The nurse shold recognize these sx as
characteristic of what rxn? - ANSWER-A febrile
transfusion reaction
Sx of a febrile reaction include sudden chills, fever, HA,
flushing, and muscle pain.
