NU 545 CHAPTER 10 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A++
communicability
ability of a pathogen to spread from person to person
immunogenicity
ability of a pathogen to induce an immune response
infectivity
ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host
mechanism of action
how a pathogen microorganism damages tissues
pathogenicity
ability of pathogen to cause a disease
portal of entry
route pathogen takes to enter a new reservoir or host
toxigenicity
,ability of a pathogen to produce soluble toxins or endotoxins, which greatly influence the degree of
virulence
virulence
capability of a pathogen to cause severe disease; potency
mutual symbiotic relationship
microorganism and human benefit
true pathogens
have devised means to circumvent and bypass the individual's defenses and cause infection
infection
this is usually dependent on adequate numbers of microorganisms rather than compromise in the host's
immune system defenses
incubation period
the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms
prodromal stage
occurrence of initial symptoms; often very mild with feelings of discomfort and tiredness
invasion period
period where pathogen is multiplying rapidly, invading farther, and affecting the tissues at the initial site
of colonization
immune and inflammatory responses
, what responses are triggered during the invasion period?
convalescence
in most cases during this period, the individual's immune and inflammatory systems successfully remove
the infectious pathogen and symptoms decline, unless the disease is fatal or enters a period of latency
until further re-activated
fever
hallmark sign of most infectious diseases where body temperature is being regulated at higher
temperature than normal
endogenous pyrogens
these cytokines are produced by an individual's inflammatory response; raise the thermoregulatory set
point through stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
hypothalamus
what acts as the body's thermostat to regulate body temperature
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
this protein cytokine is an endogenous pyrogen known to raise body temperature
prostaglandin synthesis
what do endogenous pyrogens stimulate to raise body temperature in an adaptive host defense
response
endemic
diseases with relatively high but constant rates of infection in a particular population
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED
A++
communicability
ability of a pathogen to spread from person to person
immunogenicity
ability of a pathogen to induce an immune response
infectivity
ability of the pathogen to invade and multiply in the host
mechanism of action
how a pathogen microorganism damages tissues
pathogenicity
ability of pathogen to cause a disease
portal of entry
route pathogen takes to enter a new reservoir or host
toxigenicity
,ability of a pathogen to produce soluble toxins or endotoxins, which greatly influence the degree of
virulence
virulence
capability of a pathogen to cause severe disease; potency
mutual symbiotic relationship
microorganism and human benefit
true pathogens
have devised means to circumvent and bypass the individual's defenses and cause infection
infection
this is usually dependent on adequate numbers of microorganisms rather than compromise in the host's
immune system defenses
incubation period
the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms
prodromal stage
occurrence of initial symptoms; often very mild with feelings of discomfort and tiredness
invasion period
period where pathogen is multiplying rapidly, invading farther, and affecting the tissues at the initial site
of colonization
immune and inflammatory responses
, what responses are triggered during the invasion period?
convalescence
in most cases during this period, the individual's immune and inflammatory systems successfully remove
the infectious pathogen and symptoms decline, unless the disease is fatal or enters a period of latency
until further re-activated
fever
hallmark sign of most infectious diseases where body temperature is being regulated at higher
temperature than normal
endogenous pyrogens
these cytokines are produced by an individual's inflammatory response; raise the thermoregulatory set
point through stimulation of prostaglandin synthesis
hypothalamus
what acts as the body's thermostat to regulate body temperature
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
this protein cytokine is an endogenous pyrogen known to raise body temperature
prostaglandin synthesis
what do endogenous pyrogens stimulate to raise body temperature in an adaptive host defense
response
endemic
diseases with relatively high but constant rates of infection in a particular population
