NU-545 UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the 3 major structural divisions of the brain? p.440
1- Forebrain
2- Midbrain
3-Hindbrain
What is the brainstem comprised of? p. 440
Midbrain, medulla, pons
What connects the hemispheres of the brain, cerebellum, spinal cord? p. 440
Brainstem
What 2 parts make up the Forebrain? p. 441
Telencephalon & Diencephalon
Consist of the cerebral cortex (the largest portion of the brain) & basal ganglia cerebral hemispheres,
& rhinencephalon (olfaction)
Telencephalon p. 440
Outer layer of the cerebral cortex. It is organized into columns perpendicular to the surface that
receive, integrate, store, and transmit information.
Grey Matter p. 441
Lies beneath the cerebral cortex and is composed of myelinated nerve fibers (Axons)
,White Matter p. 441
2 cerebral hemispheres are separated by a deep groove known as what?
Longitudinal Fissure P. 441
What is responsible for goal-oriented behavior (ability to concentrate), short term recall memory,
elaboration of thought and inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS?
Prefrontal area p. 441
What area of the brain is involved in programming motor movements?
Premotor area (Brodmann area 6) p. 441
Which area of the brain controls eye movements?
Frontal eye fields (lower portion of brodmann area 8) p. 442
Which area of the brain has a somatotopic organization that often is referred to as a homunculus (little
man)? Electrical stimulation of specific areas of this cortex causes specific muscles of the body to move
Primary Motor area (Brodmann area 4) p. 442
Located in the inferior frontal lobe is an important center for speech and language processing?
Broca area p. 442
Injury to this area results in difficulty forming or inability to form words
Broca Area p. 442
This lobe contains major area for somatic sensory input
Parietal lobe p. 442
,Primary visual cortex is located in this region and receives input from the retinas
Occipital Lobe p. 442
Composed of the superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri. Primary auditory complex
Temporal lobe p. 443
This area is responsible for reception and interpretation of speech, sensory speech area. Damage to
this area may result in aphasia or dysphagia.
Wernicke area p. 444
This area processes Sensory and emotional information and routes information to other parts of the
brain
Insula (Insular lobe) p. 444
Important for coordination of voluntary movement and cognitive and emotional functions
The nuclei of the basal ganglia p. 445
Part of the motor control system that causes involuntary reflexes and has a stabilizing effect on motor
control
Extrapyramidal system p. 446
Mediates emotion and long-term memory through connections in the prefrontal cortex. Primitive
behavioral responses, viceral reaction to emotion, motivation, mood, feeding behaviors, biologic
rhythms, and sense of smell.
Limbic system p. 446
, Function is to maintain a constant internal environment and implement behavioral patterns. Regulate
temperature, endocrine function, and adjust emotional expression
Hypothalamus p. 446
Involved in voluntary and involuntary visual motor movements (ability of the eyes to tract objects)
Superior Colliculi p. 446
Involve movements affecting the auditory system (positioning head to improve hearing)
Inferior Colliculi p. 447
Dysfunction of the _____ in the _______ is associated with parkinson disease and schizophrenia.
1- Dopaminergic Neurons
2- substantia nigra
The 2 major structures of the metencephalon (part of hindbrain)
Cerbellum and pons
Responsible for reflexive, involuntary fine tuning of motor control and for maintaining balance and
posture
Cerebellum p. 447
This area has ipsilateral (same side) control of the body
Cerebellum p. 447
This area has contralateral (opposite side) control of the body
Cerebral cortex p. 447
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the 3 major structural divisions of the brain? p.440
1- Forebrain
2- Midbrain
3-Hindbrain
What is the brainstem comprised of? p. 440
Midbrain, medulla, pons
What connects the hemispheres of the brain, cerebellum, spinal cord? p. 440
Brainstem
What 2 parts make up the Forebrain? p. 441
Telencephalon & Diencephalon
Consist of the cerebral cortex (the largest portion of the brain) & basal ganglia cerebral hemispheres,
& rhinencephalon (olfaction)
Telencephalon p. 440
Outer layer of the cerebral cortex. It is organized into columns perpendicular to the surface that
receive, integrate, store, and transmit information.
Grey Matter p. 441
Lies beneath the cerebral cortex and is composed of myelinated nerve fibers (Axons)
,White Matter p. 441
2 cerebral hemispheres are separated by a deep groove known as what?
Longitudinal Fissure P. 441
What is responsible for goal-oriented behavior (ability to concentrate), short term recall memory,
elaboration of thought and inhibition on the limbic (emotional) areas of the CNS?
Prefrontal area p. 441
What area of the brain is involved in programming motor movements?
Premotor area (Brodmann area 6) p. 441
Which area of the brain controls eye movements?
Frontal eye fields (lower portion of brodmann area 8) p. 442
Which area of the brain has a somatotopic organization that often is referred to as a homunculus (little
man)? Electrical stimulation of specific areas of this cortex causes specific muscles of the body to move
Primary Motor area (Brodmann area 4) p. 442
Located in the inferior frontal lobe is an important center for speech and language processing?
Broca area p. 442
Injury to this area results in difficulty forming or inability to form words
Broca Area p. 442
This lobe contains major area for somatic sensory input
Parietal lobe p. 442
,Primary visual cortex is located in this region and receives input from the retinas
Occipital Lobe p. 442
Composed of the superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri. Primary auditory complex
Temporal lobe p. 443
This area is responsible for reception and interpretation of speech, sensory speech area. Damage to
this area may result in aphasia or dysphagia.
Wernicke area p. 444
This area processes Sensory and emotional information and routes information to other parts of the
brain
Insula (Insular lobe) p. 444
Important for coordination of voluntary movement and cognitive and emotional functions
The nuclei of the basal ganglia p. 445
Part of the motor control system that causes involuntary reflexes and has a stabilizing effect on motor
control
Extrapyramidal system p. 446
Mediates emotion and long-term memory through connections in the prefrontal cortex. Primitive
behavioral responses, viceral reaction to emotion, motivation, mood, feeding behaviors, biologic
rhythms, and sense of smell.
Limbic system p. 446
, Function is to maintain a constant internal environment and implement behavioral patterns. Regulate
temperature, endocrine function, and adjust emotional expression
Hypothalamus p. 446
Involved in voluntary and involuntary visual motor movements (ability of the eyes to tract objects)
Superior Colliculi p. 446
Involve movements affecting the auditory system (positioning head to improve hearing)
Inferior Colliculi p. 447
Dysfunction of the _____ in the _______ is associated with parkinson disease and schizophrenia.
1- Dopaminergic Neurons
2- substantia nigra
The 2 major structures of the metencephalon (part of hindbrain)
Cerbellum and pons
Responsible for reflexive, involuntary fine tuning of motor control and for maintaining balance and
posture
Cerebellum p. 447
This area has ipsilateral (same side) control of the body
Cerebellum p. 447
This area has contralateral (opposite side) control of the body
Cerebral cortex p. 447
