NU 545 UNIT 3 9/21 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
TRH --> TSH --> TH
Thyroxine - T4 & Triiodothyronine- T3
Lipid soluble; Negative feedback loop
-Essential for normal growth and neurologic development in the fetus and infant
-Affects metabolic, neurologic, CV and respiratory functioning
-Required for the metabolism and function of blood cells, normal muscle functioning, and the integrity
of skin, nails, and hair
-Body heat production
-Insulin antagonist, GH secretion
Calcitonin
From Thyroid
Water soluble
Stimulated by high CA levels
-Lowers serum CA by opposing bone-reabsorbing effect of PTH, prostaglandins, and calciferols by
,inhibiting osteoclastic activity
-Lowers serum Phos
-May decrease CA and Phos absorption in the GI tract
PTH
From Parathyroid
water soluble
target: bone, kidney
-Increases serum calcium concentration: àstimulates osteoblast proliferation, maturation, and release of
acidic enzymes (cathepsin) which mobilizes CA form the bone
à kidneys: increased reabsorption of CA and decreased reabsorption of Phos and Bicarb
-Decreases serum phosphate concentration
Stimulated by a decreased ICA
-Assist in formation of Vit D, which is needed for CA and Phos reabsorption in the gut
Relationship b/t CA and Phos= inverse
PTHrP
From parathyroid
-Similar to PTH
-Important for endochondral bone formation and bone remodeling, and fetal tooth development
Somatostatin
,From hypothalamus
water soluble
Target: ant pit
Inhibits release of TSH and GH
GHRH --> GH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
-Regulates metabolic processes related to growth and adaptation to physical and emotional stressors,
muscle growth, increased protein synthesis, increased liver glycogenolysis, increased fat metabolism
-IN the liver induces formation of somatomedins, or insulin-like growth factors that have actions similar
to insulin
GNrH --> FSH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
Target: Women: Granulosa Cells; Men: Leydig Cells
, Women: Follicle maturation, estrogen production
Men: Spermatogenesis
GNrH --> LH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
Target: Women: Granulosa Cells; Men: Leydig Cells
Women: ovulation, progesterone production
Men: testicular growth, testosterone production
CRH --> ACTH
From Ant pit
water soluble
Target: adrenal cortex
-Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol and androgenic hormones)
-Synthesis of adrenal proteins contributing to maintenance of the adrenal gland
- Potentiate the effects of catecholamines
Glucocorticoids- Cortisol
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
TRH --> TSH --> TH
Thyroxine - T4 & Triiodothyronine- T3
Lipid soluble; Negative feedback loop
-Essential for normal growth and neurologic development in the fetus and infant
-Affects metabolic, neurologic, CV and respiratory functioning
-Required for the metabolism and function of blood cells, normal muscle functioning, and the integrity
of skin, nails, and hair
-Body heat production
-Insulin antagonist, GH secretion
Calcitonin
From Thyroid
Water soluble
Stimulated by high CA levels
-Lowers serum CA by opposing bone-reabsorbing effect of PTH, prostaglandins, and calciferols by
,inhibiting osteoclastic activity
-Lowers serum Phos
-May decrease CA and Phos absorption in the GI tract
PTH
From Parathyroid
water soluble
target: bone, kidney
-Increases serum calcium concentration: àstimulates osteoblast proliferation, maturation, and release of
acidic enzymes (cathepsin) which mobilizes CA form the bone
à kidneys: increased reabsorption of CA and decreased reabsorption of Phos and Bicarb
-Decreases serum phosphate concentration
Stimulated by a decreased ICA
-Assist in formation of Vit D, which is needed for CA and Phos reabsorption in the gut
Relationship b/t CA and Phos= inverse
PTHrP
From parathyroid
-Similar to PTH
-Important for endochondral bone formation and bone remodeling, and fetal tooth development
Somatostatin
,From hypothalamus
water soluble
Target: ant pit
Inhibits release of TSH and GH
GHRH --> GH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
-Regulates metabolic processes related to growth and adaptation to physical and emotional stressors,
muscle growth, increased protein synthesis, increased liver glycogenolysis, increased fat metabolism
-IN the liver induces formation of somatomedins, or insulin-like growth factors that have actions similar
to insulin
GNrH --> FSH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
Target: Women: Granulosa Cells; Men: Leydig Cells
, Women: Follicle maturation, estrogen production
Men: Spermatogenesis
GNrH --> LH
From Ant Pit
Water soluble
Target: Women: Granulosa Cells; Men: Leydig Cells
Women: ovulation, progesterone production
Men: testicular growth, testosterone production
CRH --> ACTH
From Ant pit
water soluble
Target: adrenal cortex
-Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol and androgenic hormones)
-Synthesis of adrenal proteins contributing to maintenance of the adrenal gland
- Potentiate the effects of catecholamines
Glucocorticoids- Cortisol
