ATI TEAS 7 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
what is the function of the respiratory system - ANSWER: gas exchange in the lungs
and maintain pH in the blood
what happens to the diaphragm during pulmonary ventilation - ANSWER: the
diaphragm muscle contracts and moves downwards which decreases the pressure in
the lungs
respiration begins with - ANSWER: pulmonary ventilation, the process of moving air
in and out of the lungs
The right lung has how many lobes? - ANSWER: 3 lobes
what is the interaction between the cardiovascular and respiratory system -
ANSWER: the hearts pulmonary system send blood low in O2 to the lungs where it
picks up O2 and drops off CO2
(capillaries of the circulatory system interact with the alveoli of lungs)
In the respiratory system the rate of diffusion increases when - ANSWER: the
distance between the blood cells and the alveoli is decreased
What is the site of gas exchange? - ANSWER: alveoli
What is asthma? - ANSWER: airways of the lungs that become compressed due to
mucus build up
caused by a dysfunctional immune response
What is tidal volume? - ANSWER: amount of air inhaled and exhaled during a normal
breathing cycle.
How many chambers does the heart have? - ANSWER: 4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
Veins carry ____ blood to the heart - ANSWER: deoxygenated
Arteries carry __________ blood ____ the heart - ANSWER: oxygenated, away from
What are capillaries? - ANSWER: Smallest blood vessels
connect arteries and veins
what happens in systole - ANSWER: contraction of heart "Lub"
atrioventricular valves close
blood is pumped into the arteries
what happens during diastole - ANSWER: the heart is relaxed, semilunar valves are
closed and blood from atria fills ventricles; low pressure.
, what is the function of the cardiovascular system - ANSWER: to deliver oxygen and
nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
What is the sinoatrial node? - ANSWER: pacemaker of the heart
What is the atrioventricular node? - ANSWER: it delays the transmission of the
electrical impulses to the ventricles in order for the atria to finish contracting
What is pulmonary circulation? - ANSWER: blood flow between heart and lungs
What is systemic circulation? - ANSWER: circulation between heart and body
What is the open lymphatic system? - ANSWER: Circulates and filters interstitial fluid
between cells and drains into the circulatory system
RBC contains - ANSWER: hemoglobin
WBC are divided into - ANSWER: granulocytes and agranulocytes
what is the main site of digestion and absorption - ANSWER: small intestine
What does the epiglottis do? - ANSWER: closes the tracheal opening so that food
doesn't enter the respiratory tract
What is mechanical digestion? - ANSWER: physical breakdown of food (chewing)
what enzymes initiate chemical digestion of starch and lipids - ANSWER: amylase and
lipase
what is chemical digestion - ANSWER: The chemicals in food being broken down by
enzymes
What is peristalsis? - ANSWER: contract of muscle in the stomach
what is the esophageal (cardiac) sphincter - ANSWER: it prevents reflux of food back
into the esophagus
What is chyme? - ANSWER: partially digested food
what are the three main secretions of the stomach - ANSWER: pepsinogen, mucus,
hydrochloric acid
What is pepsin? - ANSWER: an enzyme that breaks down proteins
what do hormones do in the digestive system - ANSWER: induce secretions & speed
up the food through the small intestine
what is the function of the respiratory system - ANSWER: gas exchange in the lungs
and maintain pH in the blood
what happens to the diaphragm during pulmonary ventilation - ANSWER: the
diaphragm muscle contracts and moves downwards which decreases the pressure in
the lungs
respiration begins with - ANSWER: pulmonary ventilation, the process of moving air
in and out of the lungs
The right lung has how many lobes? - ANSWER: 3 lobes
what is the interaction between the cardiovascular and respiratory system -
ANSWER: the hearts pulmonary system send blood low in O2 to the lungs where it
picks up O2 and drops off CO2
(capillaries of the circulatory system interact with the alveoli of lungs)
In the respiratory system the rate of diffusion increases when - ANSWER: the
distance between the blood cells and the alveoli is decreased
What is the site of gas exchange? - ANSWER: alveoli
What is asthma? - ANSWER: airways of the lungs that become compressed due to
mucus build up
caused by a dysfunctional immune response
What is tidal volume? - ANSWER: amount of air inhaled and exhaled during a normal
breathing cycle.
How many chambers does the heart have? - ANSWER: 4 (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
Veins carry ____ blood to the heart - ANSWER: deoxygenated
Arteries carry __________ blood ____ the heart - ANSWER: oxygenated, away from
What are capillaries? - ANSWER: Smallest blood vessels
connect arteries and veins
what happens in systole - ANSWER: contraction of heart "Lub"
atrioventricular valves close
blood is pumped into the arteries
what happens during diastole - ANSWER: the heart is relaxed, semilunar valves are
closed and blood from atria fills ventricles; low pressure.
, what is the function of the cardiovascular system - ANSWER: to deliver oxygen and
nutrients and to remove carbon dioxide and other waste products
What is the sinoatrial node? - ANSWER: pacemaker of the heart
What is the atrioventricular node? - ANSWER: it delays the transmission of the
electrical impulses to the ventricles in order for the atria to finish contracting
What is pulmonary circulation? - ANSWER: blood flow between heart and lungs
What is systemic circulation? - ANSWER: circulation between heart and body
What is the open lymphatic system? - ANSWER: Circulates and filters interstitial fluid
between cells and drains into the circulatory system
RBC contains - ANSWER: hemoglobin
WBC are divided into - ANSWER: granulocytes and agranulocytes
what is the main site of digestion and absorption - ANSWER: small intestine
What does the epiglottis do? - ANSWER: closes the tracheal opening so that food
doesn't enter the respiratory tract
What is mechanical digestion? - ANSWER: physical breakdown of food (chewing)
what enzymes initiate chemical digestion of starch and lipids - ANSWER: amylase and
lipase
what is chemical digestion - ANSWER: The chemicals in food being broken down by
enzymes
What is peristalsis? - ANSWER: contract of muscle in the stomach
what is the esophageal (cardiac) sphincter - ANSWER: it prevents reflux of food back
into the esophagus
What is chyme? - ANSWER: partially digested food
what are the three main secretions of the stomach - ANSWER: pepsinogen, mucus,
hydrochloric acid
What is pepsin? - ANSWER: an enzyme that breaks down proteins
what do hormones do in the digestive system - ANSWER: induce secretions & speed
up the food through the small intestine
