ATI TEAS 7 BIOLOGY REVIEW UPDATED
The cell Theory - ANSWER: 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
prokaryotic cells - ANSWER: - single-celled organisms
- do not have a nucleus
Eukaryotic cells - ANSWER: - one or more celled organism
- have nucleus
Nucleus - ANSWER: - Control center of the cell that contains DNA
- controls the cell functions
- regulates cell growth & metabolism
Nucleoli (makes ribosomes) - ANSWER: within the nucleus, it makes ribosomes
(protein synthesis)
Ribosomes (protein synthesis) - ANSWER: site of protein synthesis
- spherical shaped cell organelle
- non-membrane organelle
- do NOT have DNA
- composed of RNA and certain proteins
- found in plant and animal cell
Vacuole (stores) - ANSWER: stores water & cellular waste
Golgi Complex/Apparatus (packages) - ANSWER: A cell organelle that helps make and
package materials to be transported out of the cell.
Centrioles - ANSWER: produces microtubule structures called spindle fibers that
attach to chromosomes & aid in chromosome movement during cell division
Mitochondria - ANSWER: - generates energy for the cell (ATP)
- uses enzymes found on cristae to release energy through catabolism
- oval-shaped organelle
- consist of an inner & outer membrane
- has its own DNA
- contains folds called cristae
- found in both plant and animal cells
Chloroplast - ANSWER: uses photosynthesis to produce ATP(energy)
, - oval-shaped organelle
- consist of an inner & outer membrane
- has its own DNA
- does NOT have folds called cristae
- found in only plant cells
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: - has ribosomes
- makes proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: - no ribosomes
- makes lipids
Lysosomes - ANSWER: An organelle containing digestive enzymes
- sac like organelle
- single membrane
- lacks cristae & DNA
- presents inside animal cells but rarely found in plant cells
Cell membrane (plasma membrane) - ANSWER: The cell membrane is semi-
permeable, meaning the cell structure that controls what materials can enter or
leave the cell.
the semi-permeable structure is made of a phospholipid bilayer.
cell wall - ANSWER: A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of
plants and some other organisms.
Cytoplasm - ANSWER: - is the region of cytosol & organelles
- jelly like substance present inside the cell that contain different proteins, salt, cell
organelles, and water.
Vesicle - ANSWER: moves materials in the cell
Plastid - ANSWER: A group of membrane‐bound organelles commonly found in
photosynthetic organisms and mainly responsible for the synthesis and storage of
food.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER: A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
Macromolcules - ANSWER: A very large organic molecule is composed of many
smaller molecules.
Macromolecules:
1. Carbohydrate (sugar)
2. Lipids (fats)
3. Proteins
The cell Theory - ANSWER: 1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
prokaryotic cells - ANSWER: - single-celled organisms
- do not have a nucleus
Eukaryotic cells - ANSWER: - one or more celled organism
- have nucleus
Nucleus - ANSWER: - Control center of the cell that contains DNA
- controls the cell functions
- regulates cell growth & metabolism
Nucleoli (makes ribosomes) - ANSWER: within the nucleus, it makes ribosomes
(protein synthesis)
Ribosomes (protein synthesis) - ANSWER: site of protein synthesis
- spherical shaped cell organelle
- non-membrane organelle
- do NOT have DNA
- composed of RNA and certain proteins
- found in plant and animal cell
Vacuole (stores) - ANSWER: stores water & cellular waste
Golgi Complex/Apparatus (packages) - ANSWER: A cell organelle that helps make and
package materials to be transported out of the cell.
Centrioles - ANSWER: produces microtubule structures called spindle fibers that
attach to chromosomes & aid in chromosome movement during cell division
Mitochondria - ANSWER: - generates energy for the cell (ATP)
- uses enzymes found on cristae to release energy through catabolism
- oval-shaped organelle
- consist of an inner & outer membrane
- has its own DNA
- contains folds called cristae
- found in both plant and animal cells
Chloroplast - ANSWER: uses photosynthesis to produce ATP(energy)
, - oval-shaped organelle
- consist of an inner & outer membrane
- has its own DNA
- does NOT have folds called cristae
- found in only plant cells
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: - has ribosomes
- makes proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER: - no ribosomes
- makes lipids
Lysosomes - ANSWER: An organelle containing digestive enzymes
- sac like organelle
- single membrane
- lacks cristae & DNA
- presents inside animal cells but rarely found in plant cells
Cell membrane (plasma membrane) - ANSWER: The cell membrane is semi-
permeable, meaning the cell structure that controls what materials can enter or
leave the cell.
the semi-permeable structure is made of a phospholipid bilayer.
cell wall - ANSWER: A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of
plants and some other organisms.
Cytoplasm - ANSWER: - is the region of cytosol & organelles
- jelly like substance present inside the cell that contain different proteins, salt, cell
organelles, and water.
Vesicle - ANSWER: moves materials in the cell
Plastid - ANSWER: A group of membrane‐bound organelles commonly found in
photosynthetic organisms and mainly responsible for the synthesis and storage of
food.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER: A network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the
cell to keep its shape, and aids in movement
Macromolcules - ANSWER: A very large organic molecule is composed of many
smaller molecules.
Macromolecules:
1. Carbohydrate (sugar)
2. Lipids (fats)
3. Proteins
