BIO200 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS
Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false?
a. Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil.
b. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) into nitrogen gas (N2).
c. Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from
decomposing organic compounds.
d. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium
ion (NH4+). - ANSWER: d. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are
converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).
The first forms of life on Earth were thought to be_________.
a. single-celled plants
b. prokaryotes
c. insects
d. large animals such as dinosaurs - ANSWER: a. single-celled plants
Microbial mats __________.
a. are the earliest forms of life on Earth
b. obtained their energy and food from
hydrothermal vents
c. are multi-layered sheet of prokaryotes including
mostly bacteria but also archaea
d. all of the above - ANSWER: d. all of the above
The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were...
a. cyanobacteria
b. phototrophic organisms
c. anaerobic organisms
d. all of the above - ANSWER: a. cyanobacteria
Halophiles are organisms that require________.
a. a salt concentration of at least 0.2 M
b. high sugar concentration
c. the addition of halogens
d. all of the above - ANSWER: a. a salt concentration of at least 0.2 M
The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of ________.
a. prokaryotic cells
,b. eukaryotic cells
c. all cells
d. viruses - ANSWER: b. eukaryotic cells
Which of the following consists of prokaryotic cells?
a. bacteria and fungi
b. archaea and fungi
c. protists and animals
d. bacteria and archaea - ANSWER: d. bacteria and archaea
The cell wall is ________.
a. interior to the cell membrane
b. exterior to the cell membrane
c. a part of the cell membrane
d. interior or exterior, depending on the particular
cell - ANSWER: b. exterior to the cell membrane
Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical compounds are called _____.
a. phototrophs
b. auxotrophs
c. chemotrophs
d. lithotrophs - ANSWER: c. chemotrophs
Ammonification is the process by which _____.
a. ammonia is released during the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic
compounds
b. ammonium is converted to nitrite and nitrate in
soils
c. nitrate from soil is transformed to gaseous
nitrogen compounds such as NO, N2O, and N2
d. gaseous nitrogen is fixed to yield ammonia - ANSWER: a. ammonia is released
during the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are therefore called _____.
a. consumers
b. producers
c. decomposer
d. carbon fixers - ANSWER: b. producers
A disease that is constantly present in a population is called _____.
a. pandemic
,b. epidemic
c. endemic
d. re-emerging - ANSWER: c. endemic
Which of the statements about biofilms is incorrect?
a. Biofilms are considered responsible for diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
b. Biofilms produce dental plaque, and colonize catheters and prostheses.
c. Biofilms colonize open wounds and burned tissue.
d. All statements are incorrect. - ANSWER: d. All statements are incorrect.
Which of these statements is true?
a. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
organism that is antagonistic to the growth of
prokaryotes.
b. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of
other viruses.
c. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of
eukaryotic cells.
d. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote. - ANSWER: a. An antibiotic
is any substance produced by a organism that is antagonistic to the growth of
prokaryotes.
Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen fixation?
a. The plant benefits from using an endless source of nitrogen.
b. The soil benefits from being naturally fertilized.
c. Bacteria benefit from using photosynthates from
the plant.
d. All of the above occur. - ANSWER: d. All of the above occur.
Synthetic compounds found in an organism but not normally produced or expected
to be present in that organism are called _____.
a. pesticides
b. bioremediators
c. recalcitrant compounds
d. xenobiotics - ANSWER: d. xenobiotics
Bioremediation includes _____.
a. the use of prokaryotes that can fix nitrogen
b. the use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants
, c. the use of prokaryotes as natural fertilizers
d. All of the above - ANSWER: b. the use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants
Match the numbered terms to the description that follows. Choose all appropriate
terms.
1. autotroph
2. heterotroph
3. phototroph
4. chemotroph
An organism that obtains energy from light
a. 1 only
b. 3 only
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 4
e. 1, 3, and 4 - ANSWER: b. 3 only
Which of these statements about prokaryotes is correct?
a. Bacterial cells conjugate to mutually exchange genetic material.
b. Their genetic material is confined within vesicles known as plasmids.
c. They divide by binary fission, without mitosis or meiosis.
d. The persistence of bacteria throughout evolutionary time is due to their genetic
homogeneity (in other words, sameness).
e. Genetic variation in bacteria is not known to occur, because of their asexual mode
of reproduction. - ANSWER: c. They divide by binary fission, without mitosis or
meiosis.
A hypothetical bacterium swims among human intestinal contents until it finds a
suitable location on the intestinal lining. It adheres to the intestinal lining using a
feature that also protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration.
Fecal matter from a human in whose intestine this bacterium lives can spread the
bacterium, even after being mixed with water and boiled. The bacterium is not
susceptible to the penicillin family of antibiotics. It contains no plasmids and
relatively little peptidoglycan.
Adherence to the intestinal lining by this bacterium is due to its possession of
a. Fimbriae.
b. Pili.
c. a capsule.
d. a flagellum.
QUESTIONS
Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false?
a. Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil.
b. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3-) into nitrogen gas (N2).
c. Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from
decomposing organic compounds.
d. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium
ion (NH4+). - ANSWER: d. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are
converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).
The first forms of life on Earth were thought to be_________.
a. single-celled plants
b. prokaryotes
c. insects
d. large animals such as dinosaurs - ANSWER: a. single-celled plants
Microbial mats __________.
a. are the earliest forms of life on Earth
b. obtained their energy and food from
hydrothermal vents
c. are multi-layered sheet of prokaryotes including
mostly bacteria but also archaea
d. all of the above - ANSWER: d. all of the above
The first organisms that oxygenated the atmosphere were...
a. cyanobacteria
b. phototrophic organisms
c. anaerobic organisms
d. all of the above - ANSWER: a. cyanobacteria
Halophiles are organisms that require________.
a. a salt concentration of at least 0.2 M
b. high sugar concentration
c. the addition of halogens
d. all of the above - ANSWER: a. a salt concentration of at least 0.2 M
The presence of a membrane-enclosed nucleus is a characteristic of ________.
a. prokaryotic cells
,b. eukaryotic cells
c. all cells
d. viruses - ANSWER: b. eukaryotic cells
Which of the following consists of prokaryotic cells?
a. bacteria and fungi
b. archaea and fungi
c. protists and animals
d. bacteria and archaea - ANSWER: d. bacteria and archaea
The cell wall is ________.
a. interior to the cell membrane
b. exterior to the cell membrane
c. a part of the cell membrane
d. interior or exterior, depending on the particular
cell - ANSWER: b. exterior to the cell membrane
Prokaryotes that obtain their energy from chemical compounds are called _____.
a. phototrophs
b. auxotrophs
c. chemotrophs
d. lithotrophs - ANSWER: c. chemotrophs
Ammonification is the process by which _____.
a. ammonia is released during the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic
compounds
b. ammonium is converted to nitrite and nitrate in
soils
c. nitrate from soil is transformed to gaseous
nitrogen compounds such as NO, N2O, and N2
d. gaseous nitrogen is fixed to yield ammonia - ANSWER: a. ammonia is released
during the decomposition of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
Plants use carbon dioxide from the air and are therefore called _____.
a. consumers
b. producers
c. decomposer
d. carbon fixers - ANSWER: b. producers
A disease that is constantly present in a population is called _____.
a. pandemic
,b. epidemic
c. endemic
d. re-emerging - ANSWER: c. endemic
Which of the statements about biofilms is incorrect?
a. Biofilms are considered responsible for diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
b. Biofilms produce dental plaque, and colonize catheters and prostheses.
c. Biofilms colonize open wounds and burned tissue.
d. All statements are incorrect. - ANSWER: d. All statements are incorrect.
Which of these statements is true?
a. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
organism that is antagonistic to the growth of
prokaryotes.
b. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of
other viruses.
c. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of
eukaryotic cells.
d. An antibiotic is any substance produced by a
prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote. - ANSWER: a. An antibiotic
is any substance produced by a organism that is antagonistic to the growth of
prokaryotes.
Which of these occurs through symbiotic nitrogen fixation?
a. The plant benefits from using an endless source of nitrogen.
b. The soil benefits from being naturally fertilized.
c. Bacteria benefit from using photosynthates from
the plant.
d. All of the above occur. - ANSWER: d. All of the above occur.
Synthetic compounds found in an organism but not normally produced or expected
to be present in that organism are called _____.
a. pesticides
b. bioremediators
c. recalcitrant compounds
d. xenobiotics - ANSWER: d. xenobiotics
Bioremediation includes _____.
a. the use of prokaryotes that can fix nitrogen
b. the use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants
, c. the use of prokaryotes as natural fertilizers
d. All of the above - ANSWER: b. the use of prokaryotes to clean up pollutants
Match the numbered terms to the description that follows. Choose all appropriate
terms.
1. autotroph
2. heterotroph
3. phototroph
4. chemotroph
An organism that obtains energy from light
a. 1 only
b. 3 only
c. 1 and 3
d. 2 and 4
e. 1, 3, and 4 - ANSWER: b. 3 only
Which of these statements about prokaryotes is correct?
a. Bacterial cells conjugate to mutually exchange genetic material.
b. Their genetic material is confined within vesicles known as plasmids.
c. They divide by binary fission, without mitosis or meiosis.
d. The persistence of bacteria throughout evolutionary time is due to their genetic
homogeneity (in other words, sameness).
e. Genetic variation in bacteria is not known to occur, because of their asexual mode
of reproduction. - ANSWER: c. They divide by binary fission, without mitosis or
meiosis.
A hypothetical bacterium swims among human intestinal contents until it finds a
suitable location on the intestinal lining. It adheres to the intestinal lining using a
feature that also protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration.
Fecal matter from a human in whose intestine this bacterium lives can spread the
bacterium, even after being mixed with water and boiled. The bacterium is not
susceptible to the penicillin family of antibiotics. It contains no plasmids and
relatively little peptidoglycan.
Adherence to the intestinal lining by this bacterium is due to its possession of
a. Fimbriae.
b. Pili.
c. a capsule.
d. a flagellum.
