CCI ECHO EXAM 200+ QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|AGRADE
At what time during fetal growth is the heart first fully developed?
a) 20 days
b) 30 days
c) 40 days
d) 50 days - ANSWER: 40 days
On the 30th day, the truncus normally divides. What anomaly occurs if the truncus
does not divide?
a) A-V canal
b) muscular VSD
c) transposition of the great vessels
d) truncus arteriosus - ANSWER: truncus arteriosus
The sinus venous forms all of the following EXCEPT:
a) coronary sinus
b) pulmonary arteries
c) right atrium
d) inferior vena cava - ANSWER: pulmonary arteries
The trunks arterioles forms all of the following EXCEPT:
a) pulmonary veins
b) carotid artery
c) pulmonary arteries
d) ductus arteriosus - ANSWER: pulmonary veins
What are the two right-to-left shunts in the normal fetal circulation?
a) ductus arterioles and primum ASD
b) VSD and ASD
c) foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
d) foramen ovale and VSD - ANSWER: foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
Which of the following left-to-right shunts is the last to close in the normal post-
partum period? When does it close?
a) patent ductus arteriosus, closes in the 7th day
b) patent foramen ovale, closes in the 2nd day
c) patent ductus arteriosus, closes in the 14th day
d) patent foramen ovale, close at the end of the first week - ANSWER: patent
foramen ovale, close at the end of the first week
In the normal fetal circulation, which of the following has the least amount of the
flood flow?
,a) patent foramen ovale
b) ductus arteriosus
c) aorta
d) pulmonary veins - ANSWER: pulmonary veins
All of the following hemodynamic events occur post-delivery EXCEPT:
a) pulmonary artery blood flow increases
b) left atrial pressure decreases
c) pulmonary resistance decreases
d) foramen ovale flow decreases - ANSWER: left atrial pressure decreases
The fetal ductus arteriosus closes soon after birth? What structure does it become?
a) coronary sinus
b) chiari network
c) eustachian valve
d) ligamentum arteriosum - ANSWER: ligamentum arteriosum
The ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery and aorta in the fetus. At what
site does the ductus attach to the aorta?
a) aortic isthmus
b) aortic root
c) sinus of Valsalva
d) A-V node - ANSWER: aortic isthmus
The following five structures are activated during a single cardiac cycle. Rank them in
the normal order of activation:
a) Bundle of His
b) Purkinje fibers
c) AV node
d) SA node
e) Left bundle branch - ANSWER: 1) SA node
2) AV node
3) Bundle of His
4) Left bundle branch
5) Purkinje fibers
Which of the following structures is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
a) Bundle of His
b) Purkinje fibers
c) AV node
d) SA node - ANSWER: SA node
During the resting state, which of the following ions are pumped out of the cells of
the myocardium?
a) sodium
b) potassium
c) iodine
,d) magnesium - ANSWER: sodium
Following electrical depolarization of the myocardial cell membrane, which ion
rushes in first, and which ion rushes in later?
a) potassium followed by sodium
b) sodium followed by calcium
c) calcium followed by potassium
d) potassium followed by calcium - ANSWER: sodium followed by calcium
Which of the following ions helps slow heart muscle contraction?
a) sodium
b) potassium
c) calcium
d) magnesium - ANSWER: potassium
In the cardiac cell action potential, what phases are included in the absolute
refractory period?
a) phases 1 into phase 3
b) phases 2 thru 4
c) phase 1 only
d) phase 2 to the middle of phase 3 - ANSWER: phases 1 into phase 3
When contracting against which of the following pressures will the velocity of muscle
cell contraction be most rapid?
a) 75 mmHg
b) 100 mmHg
c) 125 mmHg
d) 150 mmHg - ANSWER: 75mmHg
What happens to the beat following a premature ventricular depolarization?
a) the beat is weaker than a typical beat
b) the beat is shorter than a typical beat
c) the beat is similar to a typical beat
d) the beat is stronger than a typical beat - ANSWER: the beat is stronger than a
typical beat
What is the Frank-Starling Law?
a) the more heart muscle is stretched, the more forcefully it contracts
b) the more heart muscle is stretched, the faster it contracts
c)the less heart muscle is stretched, the more cardiac output is generated
d) the higher the left atrial pressure, the slower cardiac muscle contract - ANSWER:
the more heart muscle is stretched, the more forcefully it contracts
Which of the following best describes preload?
a) left ventricular emptying
b) LV filling
c) LV systolic pressure
, d) ejection fraction - ANSWER: LV filling
All of the following tend to increase preload EXCEPT:
a) MR
b) AI
c) AS
d) volume overload - ANSWER: AS
Which of the following best describes afterload?
a) LV end-diastolic pressure
b) aortic pressure
c) ejection fraction
d) LV filling - ANSWER: aortic pressure
All of the following tend to increase after load EXCEPT:
a) MR
b) AS
c) ASH
d) HTN - ANSWER: MR
What is the predominant echo finding associated with increased afterload?
a) LV dilatation
b) LA enlargement
c) LV hypertrophy
d) MR - ANSWER: LV hypertrophy
What is the predominant echo finding associated with increased preload?
a) LV dilatation
b) LA enlargement
c) LV hypertrophy
d) MR - ANSWER: LV dilatation
A patients blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, stroke volume is 80, R-R interval is .86
seconds, heart rate is 70 b/m and age is 42 years. What is the patient's cardiac
output? co=sv x hr
a) 9600 mL/min
b) 3.5 L/beat
c) 5.5 1/min
d) 4 1/min - ANSWER: 5.5 1/min
In the normal circulation, what is the value of the Qp/Qs ratio?
a) .5
b) 1
c) 1.5
d) 2 - ANSWER: 1
REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS(VERIFIED
ANSWERS)|AGRADE
At what time during fetal growth is the heart first fully developed?
a) 20 days
b) 30 days
c) 40 days
d) 50 days - ANSWER: 40 days
On the 30th day, the truncus normally divides. What anomaly occurs if the truncus
does not divide?
a) A-V canal
b) muscular VSD
c) transposition of the great vessels
d) truncus arteriosus - ANSWER: truncus arteriosus
The sinus venous forms all of the following EXCEPT:
a) coronary sinus
b) pulmonary arteries
c) right atrium
d) inferior vena cava - ANSWER: pulmonary arteries
The trunks arterioles forms all of the following EXCEPT:
a) pulmonary veins
b) carotid artery
c) pulmonary arteries
d) ductus arteriosus - ANSWER: pulmonary veins
What are the two right-to-left shunts in the normal fetal circulation?
a) ductus arterioles and primum ASD
b) VSD and ASD
c) foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
d) foramen ovale and VSD - ANSWER: foramen ovale and ductus arteriosus
Which of the following left-to-right shunts is the last to close in the normal post-
partum period? When does it close?
a) patent ductus arteriosus, closes in the 7th day
b) patent foramen ovale, closes in the 2nd day
c) patent ductus arteriosus, closes in the 14th day
d) patent foramen ovale, close at the end of the first week - ANSWER: patent
foramen ovale, close at the end of the first week
In the normal fetal circulation, which of the following has the least amount of the
flood flow?
,a) patent foramen ovale
b) ductus arteriosus
c) aorta
d) pulmonary veins - ANSWER: pulmonary veins
All of the following hemodynamic events occur post-delivery EXCEPT:
a) pulmonary artery blood flow increases
b) left atrial pressure decreases
c) pulmonary resistance decreases
d) foramen ovale flow decreases - ANSWER: left atrial pressure decreases
The fetal ductus arteriosus closes soon after birth? What structure does it become?
a) coronary sinus
b) chiari network
c) eustachian valve
d) ligamentum arteriosum - ANSWER: ligamentum arteriosum
The ductus arteriosus connects the pulmonary artery and aorta in the fetus. At what
site does the ductus attach to the aorta?
a) aortic isthmus
b) aortic root
c) sinus of Valsalva
d) A-V node - ANSWER: aortic isthmus
The following five structures are activated during a single cardiac cycle. Rank them in
the normal order of activation:
a) Bundle of His
b) Purkinje fibers
c) AV node
d) SA node
e) Left bundle branch - ANSWER: 1) SA node
2) AV node
3) Bundle of His
4) Left bundle branch
5) Purkinje fibers
Which of the following structures is the primary pacemaker of the heart?
a) Bundle of His
b) Purkinje fibers
c) AV node
d) SA node - ANSWER: SA node
During the resting state, which of the following ions are pumped out of the cells of
the myocardium?
a) sodium
b) potassium
c) iodine
,d) magnesium - ANSWER: sodium
Following electrical depolarization of the myocardial cell membrane, which ion
rushes in first, and which ion rushes in later?
a) potassium followed by sodium
b) sodium followed by calcium
c) calcium followed by potassium
d) potassium followed by calcium - ANSWER: sodium followed by calcium
Which of the following ions helps slow heart muscle contraction?
a) sodium
b) potassium
c) calcium
d) magnesium - ANSWER: potassium
In the cardiac cell action potential, what phases are included in the absolute
refractory period?
a) phases 1 into phase 3
b) phases 2 thru 4
c) phase 1 only
d) phase 2 to the middle of phase 3 - ANSWER: phases 1 into phase 3
When contracting against which of the following pressures will the velocity of muscle
cell contraction be most rapid?
a) 75 mmHg
b) 100 mmHg
c) 125 mmHg
d) 150 mmHg - ANSWER: 75mmHg
What happens to the beat following a premature ventricular depolarization?
a) the beat is weaker than a typical beat
b) the beat is shorter than a typical beat
c) the beat is similar to a typical beat
d) the beat is stronger than a typical beat - ANSWER: the beat is stronger than a
typical beat
What is the Frank-Starling Law?
a) the more heart muscle is stretched, the more forcefully it contracts
b) the more heart muscle is stretched, the faster it contracts
c)the less heart muscle is stretched, the more cardiac output is generated
d) the higher the left atrial pressure, the slower cardiac muscle contract - ANSWER:
the more heart muscle is stretched, the more forcefully it contracts
Which of the following best describes preload?
a) left ventricular emptying
b) LV filling
c) LV systolic pressure
, d) ejection fraction - ANSWER: LV filling
All of the following tend to increase preload EXCEPT:
a) MR
b) AI
c) AS
d) volume overload - ANSWER: AS
Which of the following best describes afterload?
a) LV end-diastolic pressure
b) aortic pressure
c) ejection fraction
d) LV filling - ANSWER: aortic pressure
All of the following tend to increase after load EXCEPT:
a) MR
b) AS
c) ASH
d) HTN - ANSWER: MR
What is the predominant echo finding associated with increased afterload?
a) LV dilatation
b) LA enlargement
c) LV hypertrophy
d) MR - ANSWER: LV hypertrophy
What is the predominant echo finding associated with increased preload?
a) LV dilatation
b) LA enlargement
c) LV hypertrophy
d) MR - ANSWER: LV dilatation
A patients blood pressure is 120/80 mmHg, stroke volume is 80, R-R interval is .86
seconds, heart rate is 70 b/m and age is 42 years. What is the patient's cardiac
output? co=sv x hr
a) 9600 mL/min
b) 3.5 L/beat
c) 5.5 1/min
d) 4 1/min - ANSWER: 5.5 1/min
In the normal circulation, what is the value of the Qp/Qs ratio?
a) .5
b) 1
c) 1.5
d) 2 - ANSWER: 1
