EMT FISDAP (AIRWAY) EXAM ACTUAL EXAM 150
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWER: chronic inflammatory lung
disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs
CHF (congestive heart failure) - ANSWER: condition in which the heart cannot pump
enough blood to the rest of the body
PE (pulmonary embolism) - ANSWER: A condition in which one or more arteries in
the lungs become blocked by a blood clot. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain,
cough. Treated with blood thinners, or an embolectomy.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) - ANSWER: hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands
characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic
deficiency, and other symptoms
Pneumothorax (PTX) - ANSWER: an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space
which can cause all or part of the lung to collapse
Pneumonia (PNA) - ANSWER: An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the
affected areas fill w/fluid, lung sound association is rales
Pulmonary edema - ANSWER: fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by
failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs, found in patients with
a hx of cardiac disease, check for a tachypneic, diaphoretic patient , check for rales
on auscultation
chronic bronchtis - ANSWER: Inflammation and irritation of the bronchial tubes
Emphysema - ANSWER: a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
Hyperventilation syndrome - ANSWER: usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright,
hyperventilation, progressive signs and symptoms of alkalosis, (light headedness
dizziness, numbness, feeling of tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms,
tetany, seizures, loss of consciousness
peripheral circulation - ANSWER: blood outside the central circulation, blood supply
for the extremities, consist of veins and arteries
• Central circulation - ANSWER: blood in the heart and in the pulmonary circulation
Epiglottitis - ANSWER: A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and
enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.
, Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) - ANSWER: a viral infection that causes swelling of
the larynx and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic
when do you perform rescue breathing? - ANSWER: When a person collapses and
stops breathing
Ventilation (adult) - ANSWER: 10 ventilations per minute, 6-8 ml in mechanical
ventilation
Ventilation rate of Pediatric Patients - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
ventilation rate of an infant - ANSWER: 1 breath every 6-8 seconds
Normal respiratory rate (adult) - ANSWER: 12-16 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (pediatrics) - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (infant) - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
Breathing assessment - ANSWER: respiration rate
rhythm, regular or irregular
quality/character of breathing
depth of breathing
quality of breathing - ANSWER: regular, irregular, labored, gasping, wheezing
proper ventilation of a stoma - ANSWER: seal the mouth and nose with one hand,
provide BVM and look for equal chest rise
humidified oxygen - ANSWER: Oxygen forced through distilled water and collected
into the tubing; the oxygen now contains water vapour and is less irritating to
delicate mucous membranes compared with plain oxygen
Suction Catheter Size - ANSWER: - 8 to 12 fr (thin secretion)
- 14 to 16 fr (tenacious or thick secretion)
suction catheter - ANSWER: A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from
the patient's airway.
How to properly measure an OPA - ANSWER: From ear lobe to corner of mouth
Indications for an OPA - ANSWER: risk of airway obstruction due to relaxed upper
airway muscles or blockage of the airway by the tongue.
Contraindications for an OPA - ANSWER: conscious patient with an intact gag reflex
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+
COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - ANSWER: chronic inflammatory lung
disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs
CHF (congestive heart failure) - ANSWER: condition in which the heart cannot pump
enough blood to the rest of the body
PE (pulmonary embolism) - ANSWER: A condition in which one or more arteries in
the lungs become blocked by a blood clot. Sudden shortness of breath, chest pain,
cough. Treated with blood thinners, or an embolectomy.
Cystic fibrosis (CF) - ANSWER: hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands
characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic
deficiency, and other symptoms
Pneumothorax (PTX) - ANSWER: an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space
which can cause all or part of the lung to collapse
Pneumonia (PNA) - ANSWER: An inflammation of lung tissue, where the alveoli in the
affected areas fill w/fluid, lung sound association is rales
Pulmonary edema - ANSWER: fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles usually caused by
failure of the heart to pump enough blood to and from lungs, found in patients with
a hx of cardiac disease, check for a tachypneic, diaphoretic patient , check for rales
on auscultation
chronic bronchtis - ANSWER: Inflammation and irritation of the bronchial tubes
Emphysema - ANSWER: a condition in which the air sacs of the lungs are damaged
and enlarged, causing breathlessness.
Hyperventilation syndrome - ANSWER: usually severe agitiation, anxiety or fright,
hyperventilation, progressive signs and symptoms of alkalosis, (light headedness
dizziness, numbness, feeling of tightness, muscle twitching, carpal-pedal spasms,
tetany, seizures, loss of consciousness
peripheral circulation - ANSWER: blood outside the central circulation, blood supply
for the extremities, consist of veins and arteries
• Central circulation - ANSWER: blood in the heart and in the pulmonary circulation
Epiglottitis - ANSWER: A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and
enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.
, Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis) - ANSWER: a viral infection that causes swelling of
the larynx and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic
when do you perform rescue breathing? - ANSWER: When a person collapses and
stops breathing
Ventilation (adult) - ANSWER: 10 ventilations per minute, 6-8 ml in mechanical
ventilation
Ventilation rate of Pediatric Patients - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
ventilation rate of an infant - ANSWER: 1 breath every 6-8 seconds
Normal respiratory rate (adult) - ANSWER: 12-16 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (pediatrics) - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
Normal respiratory rate (infant) - ANSWER: 20-30 breaths per minute
Breathing assessment - ANSWER: respiration rate
rhythm, regular or irregular
quality/character of breathing
depth of breathing
quality of breathing - ANSWER: regular, irregular, labored, gasping, wheezing
proper ventilation of a stoma - ANSWER: seal the mouth and nose with one hand,
provide BVM and look for equal chest rise
humidified oxygen - ANSWER: Oxygen forced through distilled water and collected
into the tubing; the oxygen now contains water vapour and is less irritating to
delicate mucous membranes compared with plain oxygen
Suction Catheter Size - ANSWER: - 8 to 12 fr (thin secretion)
- 14 to 16 fr (tenacious or thick secretion)
suction catheter - ANSWER: A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from
the patient's airway.
How to properly measure an OPA - ANSWER: From ear lobe to corner of mouth
Indications for an OPA - ANSWER: risk of airway obstruction due to relaxed upper
airway muscles or blockage of the airway by the tongue.
Contraindications for an OPA - ANSWER: conscious patient with an intact gag reflex
