MB ASCP CONNECT EXAM LATEST ACTUAL EXAM 200
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+
Genes involved in cancer caused by t(9;22) - ANSWER: BCR-ABL
Cancer caused by t(9:22) - ANSWER: CML
Genes involved in cancer caused by t(11;22) - ANSWER: EWS-FLI1
Cancer caused by translocations involving 22q12 - ANSWER: Ewing sarcoma
Receptor tyrosine kinase commonly overexpressed in breast cancer - ANSWER:
HER2(ERBB2) - 17q21.1
Methods used to assess overexpression of common oncogenes - ANSWER: IHC,
rtPCR, FISH
Most common oncogene in human cancer, which activates MAPK pathway -
ANSWER: KRAS
Most common translocation in 85% of Ewing's sarcoma - ANSWER: t(11,22)(q24,q12)
80% of this type of cancer is caused by t(X;18) - ANSWER: Synovial sarcoma
Inherited mutations in this gene cause Li-Fraumeni syndrome - ANSWER: TP53
Mutations in this gene increase lifetime risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer
to 60-80% - ANSWER: BRCA1
Point mutations in this gene cause multiple endocrine neoplasia - ANSWER: RET
Translocations involving this gene commonly cause papillary carcinoma - ANSWER:
RET
Alterations in this gene lead to a syndrome, which predisposes to renal cell
carcinoma - ANSWER: VHL
This type of cancer is associated with a defective mismatch repair system (MMR) -
ANSWER: Colon cancer
MSI is often associated (90%) with this type of inherited cancer - ANSWER:
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) aka Lynch syndrome
How many repeat loci are analyzed to determine MSI? - ANSWER: Five
, In MSI testing 2 of 5 loci must show instability to classify it to this degree (MSH-H or
MSH-L) - ANSWER: High
Two gene associated with the cancer, HNPCC - ANSWER: MSH2 and MLH1
A ratio of less than ____ and greater than ____ indicates of loss of heterozygosity
(LOH) - ANSWER: 0.5 and 2
Common translocation in follicular lymphoma - ANSWER: t(14;18)
This gene is often involved in translocations in follicular lymphoma - ANSWER: BCL2
This translocation is also known as the Philadelphia chromosome - ANSWER: t(9;22)
Two genes commonly translocated in acute promyelocytic leukemia - ANSWER:
PML/RARA
Common translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia - ANSWER: t(15;17)
Lymphocyte clonality is detected by this method - ANSWER: Southern blot
When over 1% of cells make the same gene rearrangement, the cell population is
called ________. - ANSWER: Monoclonal
The major histocompatability complex (MHC) is found on this chromosome -
ANSWER: 6
MHC gene products in humans are called __________. - ANSWER: HLA; human
leukocyte antigens
HLA or tissue typing prevents _____________. - ANSWER: GVHD; graft versus host
disease
Haplotype - ANSWER: Set of alleles on the same chromosome and inherited together
Polymorphism - ANSWER: Alterations shared in DNA by at least 2% of the population
Allele - ANSWER: Different versions of a gene
Initial identification of HLA alleles in a specimen - ANSWER: HLA Typing
Detection of antihuman antibodies in serum that match known HLA alleles -
ANSWER: HLA Screening
Screen recipient sera for antibodies against potential donors - ANSWER: HLA
Crossmatching
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|ALREADY GRADED A+
Genes involved in cancer caused by t(9;22) - ANSWER: BCR-ABL
Cancer caused by t(9:22) - ANSWER: CML
Genes involved in cancer caused by t(11;22) - ANSWER: EWS-FLI1
Cancer caused by translocations involving 22q12 - ANSWER: Ewing sarcoma
Receptor tyrosine kinase commonly overexpressed in breast cancer - ANSWER:
HER2(ERBB2) - 17q21.1
Methods used to assess overexpression of common oncogenes - ANSWER: IHC,
rtPCR, FISH
Most common oncogene in human cancer, which activates MAPK pathway -
ANSWER: KRAS
Most common translocation in 85% of Ewing's sarcoma - ANSWER: t(11,22)(q24,q12)
80% of this type of cancer is caused by t(X;18) - ANSWER: Synovial sarcoma
Inherited mutations in this gene cause Li-Fraumeni syndrome - ANSWER: TP53
Mutations in this gene increase lifetime risk of developing breast or ovarian cancer
to 60-80% - ANSWER: BRCA1
Point mutations in this gene cause multiple endocrine neoplasia - ANSWER: RET
Translocations involving this gene commonly cause papillary carcinoma - ANSWER:
RET
Alterations in this gene lead to a syndrome, which predisposes to renal cell
carcinoma - ANSWER: VHL
This type of cancer is associated with a defective mismatch repair system (MMR) -
ANSWER: Colon cancer
MSI is often associated (90%) with this type of inherited cancer - ANSWER:
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) aka Lynch syndrome
How many repeat loci are analyzed to determine MSI? - ANSWER: Five
, In MSI testing 2 of 5 loci must show instability to classify it to this degree (MSH-H or
MSH-L) - ANSWER: High
Two gene associated with the cancer, HNPCC - ANSWER: MSH2 and MLH1
A ratio of less than ____ and greater than ____ indicates of loss of heterozygosity
(LOH) - ANSWER: 0.5 and 2
Common translocation in follicular lymphoma - ANSWER: t(14;18)
This gene is often involved in translocations in follicular lymphoma - ANSWER: BCL2
This translocation is also known as the Philadelphia chromosome - ANSWER: t(9;22)
Two genes commonly translocated in acute promyelocytic leukemia - ANSWER:
PML/RARA
Common translocation in acute promyelocytic leukemia - ANSWER: t(15;17)
Lymphocyte clonality is detected by this method - ANSWER: Southern blot
When over 1% of cells make the same gene rearrangement, the cell population is
called ________. - ANSWER: Monoclonal
The major histocompatability complex (MHC) is found on this chromosome -
ANSWER: 6
MHC gene products in humans are called __________. - ANSWER: HLA; human
leukocyte antigens
HLA or tissue typing prevents _____________. - ANSWER: GVHD; graft versus host
disease
Haplotype - ANSWER: Set of alleles on the same chromosome and inherited together
Polymorphism - ANSWER: Alterations shared in DNA by at least 2% of the population
Allele - ANSWER: Different versions of a gene
Initial identification of HLA alleles in a specimen - ANSWER: HLA Typing
Detection of antihuman antibodies in serum that match known HLA alleles -
ANSWER: HLA Screening
Screen recipient sera for antibodies against potential donors - ANSWER: HLA
Crossmatching
