Maryville 612 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Correct Answers

Claudication a condition in which cramping pain in the leg is induced by exercise, typically caused by obstruction of the arteries. May be characterized as a dull ache with accompanying muscle fatigue and cramps. Usually appears with sustained exercise. Site of pain is distant to narrowing. How do you test EOM? Eye movement is controlled by 6 extraocular muscles and 3 cranial nerves, III, IV, and VI. To evaluate eye movement, use 4 techniques. ● First have the patient watch your finger move through the 6 cardinal fields of gaze. Jerking or sustained nystagmus is abnormal. A few beats of horizontal nystagmus may occur. ● Second have the patient follow your finger vertically from the ceiling to the floor.The globes and the upper eyelids should move smoothly without eyelid lag or exposure of the sclera. ● Third, test extraocular muscle balance using the corneal light reflex. WIth the patient looking at a nearby object, shine a light on the nasal bridge. The eyes should converge and reflect the light symmetrically. ● Fourth, if the corneal light reflex is imbalanced, perform the cover-uncover test. As the patient stares at a fixed point nearby, cover one eye and observe the uncovered eye. Then remove the cover and observe that eye as it focuses on the object. Note any eye movement. Your patient should be able to follow your finger with full, smooth extraocular movements and without nystagmus, or "shaky" eye motion. Normal extraocular movements indicate intact cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. *******What is the difference between objective and subjective data? What components of the health history are objective and subjective? *********** Seidel pg 618: objective: "direct observation, what you see, hear, and touch". This includes vital signs and actual assessment. Subjective: "information patients offer about their condition or feelings." This includes chief complaint, past medical history, history or present illness, family history, and review of symptoms. Erb's point Erb's point is the auscultation location for heart sounds and heart murmurs located at the third intercostal space and the left lower sternal border. Erb's point, found two interspaces below the pulmonic area, does not reflect sound from one particular heart valve, but is a common listening post, lying halfway between the base and the apex of the heart. Tonsil assessment • Enlargement; Acute infection, 2+, 3+, or 4+ o 1+ - visible o 2+ halfway between tonsillar pillars