NRSG 3420 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025
Hematopoiesis
the process of creating new blood cells
Erythrocytes
red blood cells; contain hemoglobin to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide; have a life
span of 120 days
Reticulocytes
immature red blood cells
Granulocytes
white blood cells including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Agranulocytes
white blood cells including monocytes and lymphocytes
Platelets
thrombocytes that assist in clotting
Hematologic system age changes
fatty bone marrow replaces blood forming marrow in the long bones; B12 absorption
diminishes resulting in decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit
4.35-5.65 trillion cells/L
male red blood cell count
3.92-5.13 trillion cells/L
,female red blood cell count
13.2-16.6 g/dL
male hemoglobin count
11.6-15 g/dL
female hemoglobin count
38.3-48.6%
male hematocrit percentage
35.5-44.9%
female hematocrit percentage
3.4-9.6 billion cells/L
white blood cell count
135-317 billion/L
male platelet count
157-371 billion/L
female platelet count
Hypersensitivity
an abnormal, individual response to a certain substance that normally does not trigger
such an exaggerated reaction
Anaphylaxis
a serious and immediate hypersensitivity reaction that releases histamine from
damaged cells; assess respiratory status and maintain a patent airway, call HCP,
administer oxygen, start IV, administer ordered epi or diphenhydramine, document
Immunodeficiency
, the absence or inadequate production of immune bodies; may be congenial or acquired
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease that can cause major organs and
systems to fail; connective tissue and fibrin deposits collect in blood vessels on collagen
fibers and on organs; the deposits lead to necrosis and inflammation in blood vessels,
lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract, and pleura; no cure for the disease is known but
remissions are frequently experienced by clients who manage their care well; assess for
rash, weight loss, photosensitivity, BUN and creatinine for renal impairment
Scleroderma
chronic connective tissue disease affecting connective tissue and fibrotic changes
involving the skin, heart, lungs, kidneys, GI tract; assess for pain, edema, changes to
skin, dysphagia
Lyme disease
infection caused by tick bites that stimulates inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune
mechanisms; assess for ring shaped rash and flu like symptoms days to months after
being bitten, may cause neurologic and cardiac complications; remove tick, perform
blood test 4-6 weeks after, initiate antibiotic therapy immediately
AIDS
chronic illness that is caused by a virus that destroys T cells resulting in infections and
malignancy; assess for flu like symptoms, lymphadenopathy, night sweats, infections;
CD4 and T cell levels will be below 200 cells/L
Kaposki's sarcoma
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED 2024/2025
Hematopoiesis
the process of creating new blood cells
Erythrocytes
red blood cells; contain hemoglobin to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide; have a life
span of 120 days
Reticulocytes
immature red blood cells
Granulocytes
white blood cells including neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
Agranulocytes
white blood cells including monocytes and lymphocytes
Platelets
thrombocytes that assist in clotting
Hematologic system age changes
fatty bone marrow replaces blood forming marrow in the long bones; B12 absorption
diminishes resulting in decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit
4.35-5.65 trillion cells/L
male red blood cell count
3.92-5.13 trillion cells/L
,female red blood cell count
13.2-16.6 g/dL
male hemoglobin count
11.6-15 g/dL
female hemoglobin count
38.3-48.6%
male hematocrit percentage
35.5-44.9%
female hematocrit percentage
3.4-9.6 billion cells/L
white blood cell count
135-317 billion/L
male platelet count
157-371 billion/L
female platelet count
Hypersensitivity
an abnormal, individual response to a certain substance that normally does not trigger
such an exaggerated reaction
Anaphylaxis
a serious and immediate hypersensitivity reaction that releases histamine from
damaged cells; assess respiratory status and maintain a patent airway, call HCP,
administer oxygen, start IV, administer ordered epi or diphenhydramine, document
Immunodeficiency
, the absence or inadequate production of immune bodies; may be congenial or acquired
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Chronic, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease that can cause major organs and
systems to fail; connective tissue and fibrin deposits collect in blood vessels on collagen
fibers and on organs; the deposits lead to necrosis and inflammation in blood vessels,
lymph nodes, gastrointestinal tract, and pleura; no cure for the disease is known but
remissions are frequently experienced by clients who manage their care well; assess for
rash, weight loss, photosensitivity, BUN and creatinine for renal impairment
Scleroderma
chronic connective tissue disease affecting connective tissue and fibrotic changes
involving the skin, heart, lungs, kidneys, GI tract; assess for pain, edema, changes to
skin, dysphagia
Lyme disease
infection caused by tick bites that stimulates inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune
mechanisms; assess for ring shaped rash and flu like symptoms days to months after
being bitten, may cause neurologic and cardiac complications; remove tick, perform
blood test 4-6 weeks after, initiate antibiotic therapy immediately
AIDS
chronic illness that is caused by a virus that destroys T cells resulting in infections and
malignancy; assess for flu like symptoms, lymphadenopathy, night sweats, infections;
CD4 and T cell levels will be below 200 cells/L
Kaposki's sarcoma
