NRSG3420 NURSING CARE OF THE ADULT 2 EXAM
ONE ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Health as defined by WHO
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
Four components of wellness
-Capacity to perform to the best of ability
-Ability to adjust and adapt to varying situations
-Report "a feeling of well-being"
-Feeling "everything is together" and harmonious
Major health concerns that contribute to chronic illness
-Tobacco use
-Substance use
-Poor physical activity and nutrition habits
-Obesity
-Diabetes
- Social determinants of health (SDOH)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
,-First: Physiological Needs
-Second: Safety and Security
-Third: Relationships/Belonging, Love and Affection
-Fourth: Self Esteem
-Fifth: Self Actualization
Ethics in Nursing
Formal systematic study of moral beliefs to understand right and wrong
Morality in Nursing
Specific values, characters, or actions whose outcomes are examined through
systematic ethical analysis
Teleological/Consequentialism Ethics
-Moral (good) standing is determined by the end or result
Utilitarianism
-Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the
greatest number of people
Deontological Ethics
-Idea that actions are right and wrong in themselves independently of any
consequences
Meta-ethics
-The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs
Example of meta-ethics
-Analysis of the concept of informed consent
-When a RN questions if the patient was truly informed
,Applied ethics
-The application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases
-Addresses implications of actions or practices in terms of moral permissibility
Nursing ethics is a form of
Applied ethics
Moral Situations: Dilemmas
-Clear conflict exists between two or more principles
Moral Situations: Problems
Competing moral claims or principles when one is clearly dominant
Moral Situations: Uncertainty
When one cannot define what the moral situation is or what moral principles apply
Moral Situations: Distress
One is aware of the correct course of action, but institutional constraints are a barrier
Most Common Ethical Issues
-Confidentiality
-Use of restraints
-Truth-telling
-Refusing to provide care
-End-of-life decisions and palliative care
Ethical Decision Making
1. Clarify the ethical dilemma
2. Nursing Process
3. Ethical analysis
, Patient Self-Determination Act
-1991
-Advanced directives
-Liuving will
-Identification of health care representative
-Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST)
Preventative Ethics
-RN is faced w/ two conflicting issues/concerns when caring for a Pt/Family
-RN's moral responsibility to choose the least harmful/best option when caring for the Pt
-Can lead to moral distress
Perioperative Nursing
-Refers to the role of the operating room nurse during the preoperative, intraoperative,
and postoperative phases of surgery.
Preoperative Phase
-Period of time from decision for surgery until patient is transferred into operating room
(OR bed)
Postoperative Phase
Begins with the admission of the patient to the PACU and ends w/ a follow-up
evaluation in the clinical setting or home
Intraoperative Phase
-Begins when the patient is transferred onto the OR bed and ends with admission to the
PACU (post anesthesia care unit
Preoperative Assessment
ONE ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS LATEST UPDATE
Health as defined by WHO
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity
Four components of wellness
-Capacity to perform to the best of ability
-Ability to adjust and adapt to varying situations
-Report "a feeling of well-being"
-Feeling "everything is together" and harmonious
Major health concerns that contribute to chronic illness
-Tobacco use
-Substance use
-Poor physical activity and nutrition habits
-Obesity
-Diabetes
- Social determinants of health (SDOH)
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
,-First: Physiological Needs
-Second: Safety and Security
-Third: Relationships/Belonging, Love and Affection
-Fourth: Self Esteem
-Fifth: Self Actualization
Ethics in Nursing
Formal systematic study of moral beliefs to understand right and wrong
Morality in Nursing
Specific values, characters, or actions whose outcomes are examined through
systematic ethical analysis
Teleological/Consequentialism Ethics
-Moral (good) standing is determined by the end or result
Utilitarianism
-Idea that the goal of society should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the
greatest number of people
Deontological Ethics
-Idea that actions are right and wrong in themselves independently of any
consequences
Meta-ethics
-The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs
Example of meta-ethics
-Analysis of the concept of informed consent
-When a RN questions if the patient was truly informed
,Applied ethics
-The application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases
-Addresses implications of actions or practices in terms of moral permissibility
Nursing ethics is a form of
Applied ethics
Moral Situations: Dilemmas
-Clear conflict exists between two or more principles
Moral Situations: Problems
Competing moral claims or principles when one is clearly dominant
Moral Situations: Uncertainty
When one cannot define what the moral situation is or what moral principles apply
Moral Situations: Distress
One is aware of the correct course of action, but institutional constraints are a barrier
Most Common Ethical Issues
-Confidentiality
-Use of restraints
-Truth-telling
-Refusing to provide care
-End-of-life decisions and palliative care
Ethical Decision Making
1. Clarify the ethical dilemma
2. Nursing Process
3. Ethical analysis
, Patient Self-Determination Act
-1991
-Advanced directives
-Liuving will
-Identification of health care representative
-Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST)
Preventative Ethics
-RN is faced w/ two conflicting issues/concerns when caring for a Pt/Family
-RN's moral responsibility to choose the least harmful/best option when caring for the Pt
-Can lead to moral distress
Perioperative Nursing
-Refers to the role of the operating room nurse during the preoperative, intraoperative,
and postoperative phases of surgery.
Preoperative Phase
-Period of time from decision for surgery until patient is transferred into operating room
(OR bed)
Postoperative Phase
Begins with the admission of the patient to the PACU and ends w/ a follow-up
evaluation in the clinical setting or home
Intraoperative Phase
-Begins when the patient is transferred onto the OR bed and ends with admission to the
PACU (post anesthesia care unit
Preoperative Assessment
