Midterm 1 - BISC 120 Questions and
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What is the cell's genome?
✓ All the DNA in a cell
What is a prokaryote?
✓ A genome that consists of a single DNA molecule.
What is eukaryote?
✓ A genome that consists of multiple DNA molecules
What is a chromosome?
✓ A long strand of DNA
How many genes do chromosomes carry?
✓ several hundred to a few thousand genes
What is the continuity of life based on?
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✓ Cell division
What is the G1 stage?
✓ When the cell is preparing to divide
What is the S stage?
✓ DNA synthesis where DNA is copied and there's an extra set of genetic material
What is the G2 stage?
✓ When the cell organizes and condenses the genetic material and prepares to divide
What is the M stage?
✓ Mitosis where the cell divides the two copies of DNA into two daughter cells
What comes after the M phase?
✓ Cell division
Why does genetic material become visible in G2?
✓ When the cell enters mitosis, the chromatin compacts into visible chromosomes
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What are sister chromatids?
✓ joined copies of the original chromosome attached by cohesins
What is the centromere?
✓ the narrow "waist" of the duplicated chromosome, where the two chromatids are
most closely attached
During cell division, what do the two sister chromatids do?
✓ They separate and move into two nuclei
Once separated, what are the chromatids called?
✓ chromosomes
What does eukaryotic cell division consist of?
✓ Mitosis (division of genetic material in the nucleus) and Cytokinesis (division of
cytoplasm)
How are gametes produced?
✓ by meiosis
What does meiosis produce?
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