PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - MODULE 2 - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2022/2023
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding adaptive
changes of cells? Cells can adapt to changes in the environment by: - ANSWER:
catabolism
A nurse is discussing the process of protein catabolism, which of the following is the
nurse describing? - ANSWER: Ubiquitin-proteosome pathway.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the
uterus myometrium is called: - ANSWER: physiologic hypertrophy.
If a child presents to the emergency department with mercury poisoning, which item
should the nurse question the child about ingesting? - ANSWER: Fish
A pregnant patient asks the nurse what type of fish is good for her and the baby.
How should the nurse respond? - ANSWER: Canned tuna.
A patient presents to the emergency department after taking cocaine and
amphetamines. The nurse will assess for signs and symptoms typical with: -
ANSWER: psychomotor and CNS stimulation
Which of the following injuries will the nurse provide the most care for in the
emergency department or healthcare settings? - ANSWER: Blunt force.
If a patient presents with an asphyxial injury, what type of injury will the nurse
expect? - ANSWER: Drowning.
A patient has hemosiderosis. What principle should the nurse remember while
planning care? This patient has excessive: - ANSWER: iron.
A patient has jaundice. Which lab result is most critical for the nurse to monitor? -
ANSWER: Bilirubin.
A patient has gout. Which lab result should the nurse monitor? - ANSWER: Uric acid
A patient has tuberculous pulmonary infection. What type of necrosis can the nurse
expect to occur in the patients lung? - ANSWER: Caseous.
A nurse recalls adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - ANSWER: protect cells
from injury.
Feedback: Adaptive cellular mechanisms help cells adjust to environmental changes,
thus protecting them from injury.
, When a patient asks what is cellular atrophy, how should the nurse respond? -
ANSWER: a decrease in cell size. Feedback: Cellular atrophy involves a decrease in
cell size or cell shrinkage.
An individual immobilized in bed for a prolonged time from damage to the spinal
cord may experience atrophy in which of the following? - ANSWER: Skeletal muscles
Feedback: Lack of nerve stimulation to skeletal muscles results in muscle atrophy.
If a patient has chronic malnutrition, the process of atrophy is accomplished through
which of the following processes? - ANSWER: Formation of autophagic vacuoles
Feedback: Atrophy is accomplished through the production of enzymes in
autophagic vacuoles that digest cellular contents.
A nurse is teaching staff about compensatory hyperplasia, which information should
the nurse include? In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell
division in response to: - ANSWER: tissue loss.
Feedback: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace the
lost tissue.
If a patient has pathologic hyperplasia, what does the nurse suspect is the cause? -
ANSWER: Excessive hormonal stimulation.
Feedback: Pathologic hyperplasia is the abnormal proliferation of normal cells,
usually in response to excessive hormonal stimulation or growth factors on target
cells
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure
(hypertension), what adaptive process does the nurse expect to occur in the patients
myocardial cells in the left ventricle? - ANSWER: Hypertrophy.
Feedback:
In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial cells will
hypertrophy in order to pump harder.
When a patient asks the nurse what hypertrophy means, how should the nurse
reply? The process of hypertrophy involves: - ANSWER: an increase in cell size.
Feedback: Cellular hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size.
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding dysplasia?
Dysplasia: - ANSWER: indicates severe cancer is present. Feedback:
Importantly, however, the term dysplasia does not indicate cancer and dysplasia
may or may not progress to cancer.
When a staff member asks a nurse what metaplasia is, what is the nurses best
response? Metaplasia involves the replacement of normal cells by: - ANSWER:
another type of cell. Feedback:
Metaplasia is the replacement of normal cells by another type of cell.
100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2022/2023
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding adaptive
changes of cells? Cells can adapt to changes in the environment by: - ANSWER:
catabolism
A nurse is discussing the process of protein catabolism, which of the following is the
nurse describing? - ANSWER: Ubiquitin-proteosome pathway.
While caring for a pregnant patient, the nurse realizes that the hypertrophy of the
uterus myometrium is called: - ANSWER: physiologic hypertrophy.
If a child presents to the emergency department with mercury poisoning, which item
should the nurse question the child about ingesting? - ANSWER: Fish
A pregnant patient asks the nurse what type of fish is good for her and the baby.
How should the nurse respond? - ANSWER: Canned tuna.
A patient presents to the emergency department after taking cocaine and
amphetamines. The nurse will assess for signs and symptoms typical with: -
ANSWER: psychomotor and CNS stimulation
Which of the following injuries will the nurse provide the most care for in the
emergency department or healthcare settings? - ANSWER: Blunt force.
If a patient presents with an asphyxial injury, what type of injury will the nurse
expect? - ANSWER: Drowning.
A patient has hemosiderosis. What principle should the nurse remember while
planning care? This patient has excessive: - ANSWER: iron.
A patient has jaundice. Which lab result is most critical for the nurse to monitor? -
ANSWER: Bilirubin.
A patient has gout. Which lab result should the nurse monitor? - ANSWER: Uric acid
A patient has tuberculous pulmonary infection. What type of necrosis can the nurse
expect to occur in the patients lung? - ANSWER: Caseous.
A nurse recalls adaptive cellular mechanisms function to: - ANSWER: protect cells
from injury.
Feedback: Adaptive cellular mechanisms help cells adjust to environmental changes,
thus protecting them from injury.
, When a patient asks what is cellular atrophy, how should the nurse respond? -
ANSWER: a decrease in cell size. Feedback: Cellular atrophy involves a decrease in
cell size or cell shrinkage.
An individual immobilized in bed for a prolonged time from damage to the spinal
cord may experience atrophy in which of the following? - ANSWER: Skeletal muscles
Feedback: Lack of nerve stimulation to skeletal muscles results in muscle atrophy.
If a patient has chronic malnutrition, the process of atrophy is accomplished through
which of the following processes? - ANSWER: Formation of autophagic vacuoles
Feedback: Atrophy is accomplished through the production of enzymes in
autophagic vacuoles that digest cellular contents.
A nurse is teaching staff about compensatory hyperplasia, which information should
the nurse include? In compensatory hyperplasia, growth factors stimulate cell
division in response to: - ANSWER: tissue loss.
Feedback: In response to tissue loss, surrounding cells are stimulated to replace the
lost tissue.
If a patient has pathologic hyperplasia, what does the nurse suspect is the cause? -
ANSWER: Excessive hormonal stimulation.
Feedback: Pathologic hyperplasia is the abnormal proliferation of normal cells,
usually in response to excessive hormonal stimulation or growth factors on target
cells
A patient has an increased cardiac workload related to high blood pressure
(hypertension), what adaptive process does the nurse expect to occur in the patients
myocardial cells in the left ventricle? - ANSWER: Hypertrophy.
Feedback:
In response to the increased workload of hypertension, myocardial cells will
hypertrophy in order to pump harder.
When a patient asks the nurse what hypertrophy means, how should the nurse
reply? The process of hypertrophy involves: - ANSWER: an increase in cell size.
Feedback: Cellular hypertrophy involves an increase in cell size.
Which statement indicates the nurse needs more teaching regarding dysplasia?
Dysplasia: - ANSWER: indicates severe cancer is present. Feedback:
Importantly, however, the term dysplasia does not indicate cancer and dysplasia
may or may not progress to cancer.
When a staff member asks a nurse what metaplasia is, what is the nurses best
response? Metaplasia involves the replacement of normal cells by: - ANSWER:
another type of cell. Feedback:
Metaplasia is the replacement of normal cells by another type of cell.
