NUR 111 Exam 2 Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers

What is the importance of assessing a pt's pain status? It is a critical component to understanding the pt's clinical status and progress. Which cultures care for ill members by protecting them from bad news about their health? collectivistic -Hispanic -African -Aisan Why do we analyze vital signs? To interpret their significance and make decisions about appropriate interventions. Which approach ensures accuracy when taking vitals? organized & systematic What 3 actions should be taken when an significant change in vitals is observed? 1. verify changes 2. communicate changes 3. document changes When a pt's condition suddenly worsens, which site should be used to find pulse quickly? carotid What is the most reliable & noninvasive way to assess cardiac function? apical pulse The exchange of oxygen & carbon dioxide between cells of the body & the atmosphere is ___________________ & the mechanical movement of gases into & out of the lungs is ___________________. respiration, ventilation ABG values measure... -arterial blood pH -partial pressure of 02 & C02 -arterial oxygen saturation CBC values measure... -red blood cell count -volume of red blood cells -concentration of hemoglobin Clinical judgment regarding vitals includes... -which vitals to measure -when to obtain the measurements -frequency of assessment Why would a critically ill child have cool skin & a high core body temperature? poor perfusion to the skin Why are older adults at high risk for hypothermia? -diminished sensation to cold -abnormal vasoconstrictor responses -impaired shivering What is indicated by the peripheral pulse? status of blood perfusion to that particular area When does hypotension occur? When the systolic BP falls below 90mmHg. What is indicated by orthostatic changes in vital signs? blood volume depletion List several factors that contribute to false elevations in BP. -talking during BP assessment -crossing of legs during assessment -smoking -caffeine intake -exercise What is the sequence of techniques used during a general physical assessment? 1. inspection 2. palpation 3. percussion 4. auscultation Palpable, circumscribed, solid eleva