NUR 125 Fluid & Electrolyte Balance Test Questions and Correct Answers

What is the role of water in the body? -vital in normal cell function -medium for metabolic reactions -transport nutrients and waste -lubricant, shock absorber, insulator -regulate body temperature How does gender and body size affect total amount of body water? -more body fat = less fluid -women have more fat = less fluid What are the 2 major body fluid compartments? intracellular fluid (icf) and extracellular fluid (ecf) Which of the body compartments contains 2/3 of total body fluid? intracellular fluid (icf) Which fluid compartment contains solutes like oxygen, electrolytes and glucose? intracellular fluid -it is the medium where metabolic processes take place What are the primary cations in the intracellular fluid? potassium and magnesium What are the primary anions in the intracellular fluid? phosphate and sulfate Which fluid compartment contains potassium, magnesium, phosphate, sulfate intracellular fluid What are the 3 types of extracellular fluid? -interstitial -intravascular -transcellular Which fluid compartment makes up 1/3 of the body's total fluid? extracellular fluid Which type of fluid makes up 20% of the ecf and is plasma found in the vascular system? intravascular fluid Which type of fluid makes up 75% of the ecf and surrounds the cells? interstitial fluid What are the main electrolytes of the ecf? sodium, chloride, bicarbonate Cerebrospinal, pericardial, pancreatic, pleural, intraocular, biliary, peritoneal, and synovial fluid are what type of ecf? transcellular fluid Which fluid compartment contains sodium, chloride, bicarbonate? extracellular fluid (ecf) Which one of the 2 major fluid compartments acts as a transport system, carries waste from cell and nutrients to cell? extracellular fluid (ecf) What are the 2 primary components of ecf? intravascular (plasma) and interstitial fluid Excessive loss of gastric and/or intestinal secretions puts a person at risk for what? electrolyte imbalances Osmolality (solute concentration) of a solution is known as the tonicity Solute vs. Solvent solute : what is dissolved in a solution(salt) Solvent : what dissolves the solute(water) What type of solution has the same osmolality as body fluids? isotonic solution What type of solution has a higher osmolality than body fluids? hypertonic solution What type of solution has a lower osmolality than body fluids? hypotonic solution Fluids and electrolytes move by what 2 types of transport? active and passive transport What type(s) of electrolyte/fluid movement are passive (no energy required) transport -diffusion -osmosis -filtration