Peds ATI Focused Review Questions and Correct Answers

Acute Infectious GI Disorders Risk Factors lack of clean water, poor hygiene, crowded living environments, poor sanitation, and nutritional deficiency Acute Infectious GI Disorders Signs & Symptoms reports of fatigue, malaise, change in behavior, change in stool pattern, poor appetite, weight loss, and pain; assess for clinical manifestations of dehydration Rotavirus Clinical Manifestations most common cause of diarrhea in children younger than 5; affects children of all ages; fever; onset of foul-smelling, watery stools, diarrhea for 5-7 days; vomiting for approximately 2 days Yersinia Enterocolitis Clinical Manifestations mucoid, possibly bloody diarrhea; abdominal pain, fever, vomiting E. Coli Clinical Manifestations watery diarrhea for 1-2 days, followed by abdominal cramping and bloody diarrhea; could lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) Salmonella Clinical Manifestations mild to severe nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, bloody diarrhea, and fever (may be afebrile i infants); diarrhea may last as long as 2-3 weeks; possible headache, confusion, drowsiness, and seizures; may lead to meningitis or septicemia Clostridium Difficile Clinical Manifestations mild, watery diarrhea for a few days; possible less severe symptoms in children than adults; possible leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and high fever in certain children; possible pseudomembranous colitis Clostridium Botulinum Clinical Manifestations symptoms depend on strain; abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea; possibly respiratory or CNS problems Shigella Groups/Shigellosis Clinical Manifestations sick appearance; fever, fatigue, and anorexia; cramping abdomen followed by watery or bloody diarrhea lasting 5 to 10 days Norwalk-like Organisms/Caliciviruses Clinical Manifestations abdominal cramps, nausea and vomiting, malaise, watery diarrhea; lasts 2-3 days Staphylococcus Clinical Manifestations diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting