Sociology 200 Exam 1 Verified 2024
______ are more narrowly focused and attempt to explain particular social conditions or
types of events. They are usually formed during the research process and suggest other
problems for subsequent research. - ANSWER-Theories
_______ is a method used by researchers to collect data from a subset of individuals
and use that data to make inferences about the entire population. - ANSWER-Sampling
_______ refers to nonviolent crimes usually committed in commercial situations by
people of respectability and high social status for financial gain - ANSWER-White-collar
crime
________ can be defined as the process by which existing social structures and norms
are transmitted from generation to generation, thus providing societies with continuity
over time. - ANSWER-Social reproduction
________ is a process by which the members of a group ignore ways of thinking and
plans of action that go against the group consensus - ANSWER-Groupthink
________ is the study and systematic description of human cultures through participant
observation or interviewing. - ANSWER-Ethnography
________ is the use of two or more research methods in the study of the same
phenomenon in order to increase the credibility or validity of the results. - ANSWER-
Triangulation
_________ examines everyday human social interactions on a small scale in order to
illuminate broad institutional patterns. - ANSWER-Microsociology
_________ is a situation in which people do not allow themselves to deviate from an
organization's rules and procedures even when deviating from them might provide a
better solution to a problem. - ANSWER-Bureaucratic ritualism
_________ is the process through which people learn the values, norms, and social
practices of their culture and thus learn how to function as members of that culture. -
ANSWER-Socialization
_________ is/are the main influence during primary socialization. - ANSWER-Family
__________ is the study of the folk or lay strategies that people use to make sense of
what others do and particularly of what they say. - ANSWER-Ethnomethodology
, "Anomie" can be defined as ________. - ANSWER-a sense of disorientation or
anxiousness that develops when there are no clear standards to guide behavior in a
given area of social life
"Puzzle-solving research" seeks not just to ______ but to _______. - ANSWER-fill a
gap in information; fill a gap in understanding
A _________ is a collection of people who happen to be together in a particular place
but do not significantly interact or identify with each other. - ANSWER-social aggregate
A child struggles to learn how to read, is frequently teased about it by his siblings, and is
referred to as "slow" by his parents and teachers. He underperforms in school and
never thinks about going to college. Ultimately he drops out before graduating from high
school, telling the school counselor that he's just not a smart guy who can learn from
books. This is an example of which theory of deviance? - ANSWER-labeling theory
A cultural norm can be defined as __________. - ANSWER-a principle or rule about
social life that people are expected to observe
A nation-state can best be defined as ________. - ANSWER-a political community with
clearly marked borders in which a government creates laws that apply to all who live
within the borders
A person who chooses to live in an isolated area with no water, electricity, or other
modern conveniences can be considered _____. - ANSWER-deviant
A reference group is ____________. - ANSWER-a group that provides a standard for
judging one's attitudes or behaviors
A school system hires ten additional reading specialists before the start of the school
year. One year later, there has been a 15 percent increase in the number of students in
the system who are reading at or above grade level. Based on this information, which of
the following statements is most accurate? - ANSWER-There is a correlation between
the increase in the number of reading specialists and the improvement in students'
reading ability.
A/An ______ can best be defined as a group that shares distinct cultural values and
behavioral patterns that distinguish it from others within the same culture or society. -
ANSWER-subculture
A/An ________ is an association in which one event or situation produces another. -
ANSWER-causal relationship
A/An _________ can be defined as a set of socially defined expectations for a person in
a given social position. - ANSWER-social role
______ are more narrowly focused and attempt to explain particular social conditions or
types of events. They are usually formed during the research process and suggest other
problems for subsequent research. - ANSWER-Theories
_______ is a method used by researchers to collect data from a subset of individuals
and use that data to make inferences about the entire population. - ANSWER-Sampling
_______ refers to nonviolent crimes usually committed in commercial situations by
people of respectability and high social status for financial gain - ANSWER-White-collar
crime
________ can be defined as the process by which existing social structures and norms
are transmitted from generation to generation, thus providing societies with continuity
over time. - ANSWER-Social reproduction
________ is a process by which the members of a group ignore ways of thinking and
plans of action that go against the group consensus - ANSWER-Groupthink
________ is the study and systematic description of human cultures through participant
observation or interviewing. - ANSWER-Ethnography
________ is the use of two or more research methods in the study of the same
phenomenon in order to increase the credibility or validity of the results. - ANSWER-
Triangulation
_________ examines everyday human social interactions on a small scale in order to
illuminate broad institutional patterns. - ANSWER-Microsociology
_________ is a situation in which people do not allow themselves to deviate from an
organization's rules and procedures even when deviating from them might provide a
better solution to a problem. - ANSWER-Bureaucratic ritualism
_________ is the process through which people learn the values, norms, and social
practices of their culture and thus learn how to function as members of that culture. -
ANSWER-Socialization
_________ is/are the main influence during primary socialization. - ANSWER-Family
__________ is the study of the folk or lay strategies that people use to make sense of
what others do and particularly of what they say. - ANSWER-Ethnomethodology
, "Anomie" can be defined as ________. - ANSWER-a sense of disorientation or
anxiousness that develops when there are no clear standards to guide behavior in a
given area of social life
"Puzzle-solving research" seeks not just to ______ but to _______. - ANSWER-fill a
gap in information; fill a gap in understanding
A _________ is a collection of people who happen to be together in a particular place
but do not significantly interact or identify with each other. - ANSWER-social aggregate
A child struggles to learn how to read, is frequently teased about it by his siblings, and is
referred to as "slow" by his parents and teachers. He underperforms in school and
never thinks about going to college. Ultimately he drops out before graduating from high
school, telling the school counselor that he's just not a smart guy who can learn from
books. This is an example of which theory of deviance? - ANSWER-labeling theory
A cultural norm can be defined as __________. - ANSWER-a principle or rule about
social life that people are expected to observe
A nation-state can best be defined as ________. - ANSWER-a political community with
clearly marked borders in which a government creates laws that apply to all who live
within the borders
A person who chooses to live in an isolated area with no water, electricity, or other
modern conveniences can be considered _____. - ANSWER-deviant
A reference group is ____________. - ANSWER-a group that provides a standard for
judging one's attitudes or behaviors
A school system hires ten additional reading specialists before the start of the school
year. One year later, there has been a 15 percent increase in the number of students in
the system who are reading at or above grade level. Based on this information, which of
the following statements is most accurate? - ANSWER-There is a correlation between
the increase in the number of reading specialists and the improvement in students'
reading ability.
A/An ______ can best be defined as a group that shares distinct cultural values and
behavioral patterns that distinguish it from others within the same culture or society. -
ANSWER-subculture
A/An ________ is an association in which one event or situation produces another. -
ANSWER-causal relationship
A/An _________ can be defined as a set of socially defined expectations for a person in
a given social position. - ANSWER-social role
