HESI MILESTONE EXAM 1 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES 2024-2025
the nurse is caring for a patient taking cimetidine (tagamet) orally. which should the nurse
consider about administering this drug? - ANSWER>>administer 30 minutes before meals
the nurse is discharging a patient with a ranitidine (zantac). which information would be
important to include in the teaching? - ANSWER>>thrombolytic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP) may occur
a patient is prescribed sucralfate (carafate) and asks the nurse what the purpose of taking this
medication is. which is the nurses best response? - ANSWER>>the medication is used to protect
GI mucosa
the nurse is creating a class for older adults in the community. which info about laxative use in
older adults would be important to include? - ANSWER>>over the counter laxatives are misused
the nurse is caring for a patient with a new order for an oral laxative. which is a
contraindication in administering an oral laxative? - ANSWER>>abdominal pain of unknown
origin
the nurse is studying antacids that contain magnesium and calcium. the student nurse
remembers that these antacids should be used with caution in patients with what condition? -
ANSWER>>peptic ulcer disease
a patient asks the nurse how to best precent constipation. which class of laxative would the
nurse recommend? - ANSWER>>bulk-forming laxatives
the nurse is caring for a patient with short term persistent diarrhea. which class of medication
would the nurse anticipate? - ANSWER>>probiotics
the nurse is creating community education about OTC antacids. which information about
calcium antacids would be important to include? - ANSWER>>they cause decreased gastric acid
production
,the nurse is administering an aluminum-based antacid to a patient. which side effect of this
drug should the student consider? - ANSWER>>rebound hyperacidity
the nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol) at
home for several weeks. during the. morning assessment, the nurse notices the patient has
blue gums. which action would the nurse take? - ANSWER>>call HCP and report
the nurse is caring for patient with severe constipation. which laxative will produce the most
rapid response? - ANSWER>>magnesium hydroxide
a patient on the oncology unit is experiencing N/V from chemo. which drug will decrease
nausea? - ANSWER>>ondanesetron (zofran)
the nurse is planning discharge teaching for a patient taking an antihistamine antiemetic. which
info would be important to include? - ANSWER>>driving should be avoided d/t possibility for
drowsiness
the nurse is caring for an older adult who has been taking sodium bicarbonate several times a
day for the past month. the nurse will assess for which potential problem that may occur with
overuse? - ANSWER>>metabolic alkalosis
the nurse is caring for a patient taking valsartan (diovan). the nurse will explain to the patient
that this medication has which therapeutic effect? - ANSWER>>decreases preload and afterload
the patient is being seen in the ED for confirmed digitalis toxicity. which drug would the nurse
anticipate to administer for treatment of the patients condition? - ANSWER>>digoxin immune
fab
the nurse is caring for a patient with HF who is hypokalemic. which drug from the patients
medicine administration record would explain this lab value. - ANSWER>>furosemide (lasix)
the nurse is caring for a diabetic patient with HF. which med should be used with caution? -
ANSWER>>spironolactone (aldactone)
the nurse is caring for a patient taking lisinopril (prinivil). the nurse knows to monitor the
patient for which adverse effect? - ANSWER>>elevated serum potassium
, which is the mechanism of action for lisinopril (prinivil) when given for hypertension? -
ANSWER>>causes peripheral vasodilation
the nurse is caring for a patient taking digoxin (lanoxin). which other med would cause the
nurse concern about administering - ANSWER>>spironolactone (aldactone)
an older adult male is admitted to the ED with chest pain and has an order for nitroglycerin
sublingual. which is the priority action for the nurse to take? - ANSWER>>ask the patient if he
has taken medication for erectile dysfunction over the past 6 hrs.
which are the common drug interactions of a CCB? select all that apply - ANSWER>>statins and
verapamil (calan)
the nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 DM who has proteinuria and is taking ACE inhibitor.
which is the rationale for the HCP prescribing an ACE inhibitor? - ANSWER>>renal protective
effects
the nurse is caring for a patient taking a beta blocker for angina. which adverse effect would the
nurse monitor in the patient? - ANSWER>>low HR
the nurse is caring for a patient taking simvastatin (zocor) which is the primary purpose of this
drug? - ANSWER>>decrease the level of LDL in the blood
the nurse is administering somatropin (humatrope), which is used in the treatment of which
condition? - ANSWER>>growth failure
the nurse is reviewing a med administration record for a patient taking oral hypoglycemic
drugs. which drug from the patients MAR could cause an interaction with oral hypoglycemic
drugs - ANSWER>>beta blockers
while caring for a patient who recently had an acute MI, the nurse notes severe ventricular
dysrhythmias on the patients cardiac monitor. which drug would the nurse anticipate the HCP
to order to treat this dysrhythmia? - ANSWER>>amiodarone (cordarone)
the nurse should assess the client for which common adverse effect of procainamide? -
ANSWER>>drowsiness
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES 2024-2025
the nurse is caring for a patient taking cimetidine (tagamet) orally. which should the nurse
consider about administering this drug? - ANSWER>>administer 30 minutes before meals
the nurse is discharging a patient with a ranitidine (zantac). which information would be
important to include in the teaching? - ANSWER>>thrombolytic thrombocytopenic purpura
(TTP) may occur
a patient is prescribed sucralfate (carafate) and asks the nurse what the purpose of taking this
medication is. which is the nurses best response? - ANSWER>>the medication is used to protect
GI mucosa
the nurse is creating a class for older adults in the community. which info about laxative use in
older adults would be important to include? - ANSWER>>over the counter laxatives are misused
the nurse is caring for a patient with a new order for an oral laxative. which is a
contraindication in administering an oral laxative? - ANSWER>>abdominal pain of unknown
origin
the nurse is studying antacids that contain magnesium and calcium. the student nurse
remembers that these antacids should be used with caution in patients with what condition? -
ANSWER>>peptic ulcer disease
a patient asks the nurse how to best precent constipation. which class of laxative would the
nurse recommend? - ANSWER>>bulk-forming laxatives
the nurse is caring for a patient with short term persistent diarrhea. which class of medication
would the nurse anticipate? - ANSWER>>probiotics
the nurse is creating community education about OTC antacids. which information about
calcium antacids would be important to include? - ANSWER>>they cause decreased gastric acid
production
,the nurse is administering an aluminum-based antacid to a patient. which side effect of this
drug should the student consider? - ANSWER>>rebound hyperacidity
the nurse is caring for a patient who has been taking bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol) at
home for several weeks. during the. morning assessment, the nurse notices the patient has
blue gums. which action would the nurse take? - ANSWER>>call HCP and report
the nurse is caring for patient with severe constipation. which laxative will produce the most
rapid response? - ANSWER>>magnesium hydroxide
a patient on the oncology unit is experiencing N/V from chemo. which drug will decrease
nausea? - ANSWER>>ondanesetron (zofran)
the nurse is planning discharge teaching for a patient taking an antihistamine antiemetic. which
info would be important to include? - ANSWER>>driving should be avoided d/t possibility for
drowsiness
the nurse is caring for an older adult who has been taking sodium bicarbonate several times a
day for the past month. the nurse will assess for which potential problem that may occur with
overuse? - ANSWER>>metabolic alkalosis
the nurse is caring for a patient taking valsartan (diovan). the nurse will explain to the patient
that this medication has which therapeutic effect? - ANSWER>>decreases preload and afterload
the patient is being seen in the ED for confirmed digitalis toxicity. which drug would the nurse
anticipate to administer for treatment of the patients condition? - ANSWER>>digoxin immune
fab
the nurse is caring for a patient with HF who is hypokalemic. which drug from the patients
medicine administration record would explain this lab value. - ANSWER>>furosemide (lasix)
the nurse is caring for a diabetic patient with HF. which med should be used with caution? -
ANSWER>>spironolactone (aldactone)
the nurse is caring for a patient taking lisinopril (prinivil). the nurse knows to monitor the
patient for which adverse effect? - ANSWER>>elevated serum potassium
, which is the mechanism of action for lisinopril (prinivil) when given for hypertension? -
ANSWER>>causes peripheral vasodilation
the nurse is caring for a patient taking digoxin (lanoxin). which other med would cause the
nurse concern about administering - ANSWER>>spironolactone (aldactone)
an older adult male is admitted to the ED with chest pain and has an order for nitroglycerin
sublingual. which is the priority action for the nurse to take? - ANSWER>>ask the patient if he
has taken medication for erectile dysfunction over the past 6 hrs.
which are the common drug interactions of a CCB? select all that apply - ANSWER>>statins and
verapamil (calan)
the nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 DM who has proteinuria and is taking ACE inhibitor.
which is the rationale for the HCP prescribing an ACE inhibitor? - ANSWER>>renal protective
effects
the nurse is caring for a patient taking a beta blocker for angina. which adverse effect would the
nurse monitor in the patient? - ANSWER>>low HR
the nurse is caring for a patient taking simvastatin (zocor) which is the primary purpose of this
drug? - ANSWER>>decrease the level of LDL in the blood
the nurse is administering somatropin (humatrope), which is used in the treatment of which
condition? - ANSWER>>growth failure
the nurse is reviewing a med administration record for a patient taking oral hypoglycemic
drugs. which drug from the patients MAR could cause an interaction with oral hypoglycemic
drugs - ANSWER>>beta blockers
while caring for a patient who recently had an acute MI, the nurse notes severe ventricular
dysrhythmias on the patients cardiac monitor. which drug would the nurse anticipate the HCP
to order to treat this dysrhythmia? - ANSWER>>amiodarone (cordarone)
the nurse should assess the client for which common adverse effect of procainamide? -
ANSWER>>drowsiness
