GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
ATI Pharmacology Cardiovascular Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Furosemide (Lasix) - Answer✔✔-High Ceiling Loop Diuretic; work in the ascending loop of
henle. Block reabsorption of sodium and chloride and to prevent reabsorption of water.
Furosemide (Lasix) therapeutic use - Answer✔✔-used when there is an emergent need for rapid
mobilization of fluid. Pulmonary edema caused by heart failure. Treats hypercalcemia.
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) - Answer✔✔-Thiazide diuretic; work in early distal convoluted
tubule; blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride, and thus prevents reabsorption of water.
Promotes diuresis.
Hydrochlorthiazide (Hydrodiuril) therapeutic use - Answer✔✔-first choice for essential
hypertension. Used for edema of mild-to-moderate heart failure and liver and kidney disease.
Used with antihypertensive agents for blood pressure control.
Mannitol (Osmitrol) - Answer✔✔-Osmotic diuretic; reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular
pressure by raising serum osmolality and drawing fluid back in to the vascular and extravascular
space.
Page 1/6
, GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Mannitol (Osmitrol) therapeutic uses - Answer✔✔-prevent kidney failure, such as hypovolemic
shock and severe hypotension. Decreases IOP and ICP. Promote sodium retention and water
excretion in clients who have hyponatremia and fluid volume excess.
Captopril (capoten) - Answer✔✔-ACE inhibtor; block the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II leading to vasodilation, excretion of water and sodium, and retention of
potassium.
Thiazide diuretics - Answer✔✔-often first medication given for hypertension.
ACE inhibitors - Answer✔✔-hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction. Adverse effects:
first dose orthostatic hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, rash and altered taste, angioedema,
neutropenia.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) - Answer✔✔-Losartan (Cozaar); blocks action of
angiotensin II in the body. Results in vasodilation; excretion of sodium and water, and retention
of potassium.
Losartan (Cozaar) adverse effects - Answer✔✔-Angioedema and fetal injury.
Aldosterone antagonists - Answer✔✔-eplerenone (Inspra) and spironolactone (Aldactone);
reduce blood volume by blocking aldosterone receptors in the kidney. Used for hypertension
and heart failure.
Page 2/6
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
ATI Pharmacology Cardiovascular Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
Furosemide (Lasix) - Answer✔✔-High Ceiling Loop Diuretic; work in the ascending loop of
henle. Block reabsorption of sodium and chloride and to prevent reabsorption of water.
Furosemide (Lasix) therapeutic use - Answer✔✔-used when there is an emergent need for rapid
mobilization of fluid. Pulmonary edema caused by heart failure. Treats hypercalcemia.
Hydrochlorothiazide (Hydrodiuril) - Answer✔✔-Thiazide diuretic; work in early distal convoluted
tubule; blocks reabsorption of sodium and chloride, and thus prevents reabsorption of water.
Promotes diuresis.
Hydrochlorthiazide (Hydrodiuril) therapeutic use - Answer✔✔-first choice for essential
hypertension. Used for edema of mild-to-moderate heart failure and liver and kidney disease.
Used with antihypertensive agents for blood pressure control.
Mannitol (Osmitrol) - Answer✔✔-Osmotic diuretic; reduce intracranial pressure and intraocular
pressure by raising serum osmolality and drawing fluid back in to the vascular and extravascular
space.
Page 1/6
, GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Mannitol (Osmitrol) therapeutic uses - Answer✔✔-prevent kidney failure, such as hypovolemic
shock and severe hypotension. Decreases IOP and ICP. Promote sodium retention and water
excretion in clients who have hyponatremia and fluid volume excess.
Captopril (capoten) - Answer✔✔-ACE inhibtor; block the conversion of angiotensin I to
angiotensin II leading to vasodilation, excretion of water and sodium, and retention of
potassium.
Thiazide diuretics - Answer✔✔-often first medication given for hypertension.
ACE inhibitors - Answer✔✔-hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction. Adverse effects:
first dose orthostatic hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, rash and altered taste, angioedema,
neutropenia.
Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) - Answer✔✔-Losartan (Cozaar); blocks action of
angiotensin II in the body. Results in vasodilation; excretion of sodium and water, and retention
of potassium.
Losartan (Cozaar) adverse effects - Answer✔✔-Angioedema and fetal injury.
Aldosterone antagonists - Answer✔✔-eplerenone (Inspra) and spironolactone (Aldactone);
reduce blood volume by blocking aldosterone receptors in the kidney. Used for hypertension
and heart failure.
Page 2/6
