Exam 2: holistic health assessment- assessment of the thorax and lungs Practice Questions and Answers |100% Pass

Exam 2: holistic health assessment- assessment of the thorax and lungs Practice Questions and Answers |100% Pass what is the main function of the respiratory system? - Answer-- to supply O2 to cells and remove CO2 using processes of ventilation and diffusion the cardiovascular system provides transportation of O2 and CO2 btw _____ and ____. - Answer-alveoli and cells what are the 3 main structures of the thoracic cavity (chest)? - Answer-1. mediastinum 2. right pleural cavity 3. left pleural cavity was does the mediastinum hold? - Answer-- its in the middle of the chest, so it holds the: 1. heart 2. arch of the aorta 3. superior vena cava 4. lower esophagus GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 2/16 5. lower part of the trachea the pleural cavities contain the: - Answer-lungs what lines the pleural cavities? - Answer-- 2 types of serous membranes: 1. parietal pleurae 2. visceral pleurae The right lung has ___ lobes and the left lung has ___ lobes. - Answer-right= 3 lobes left= 2 lobes each lung extends anteriorly about ____ inches above the first rib into the base of the _____ in adults. - Answer-1.5 inches neck posteriorly, the lungs' apices rise to level T__ and the lower borders expand down to T___ and rise to T___ on expiration. - Answer-T1 T12 T9 apices (apex) - Answer-tops of the lungs base - Answer-bottom of the lungs GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 3/16 the function of the thoracic cage is to: - Answer-protect most of the respiratory system the thoracic cage consists of: - Answer-12 thoracic vertebrae 12 pairs of ribs sternum **ribs connect to thoracic vertebrae posteriorly the first 7 ribs are connected to the sternum by ________. - Answer-costal cartilages costal cartilages of ribs 8-10 are conected ________ to the ribs. - Answer-immediately superior the 11th and 12th ribs are called the floating ribs b/c? - Answer-b/c they are unattached anteriorly how many inches long is the sternum? - Answer-7 inches the sternum is broken up into what 3 components? - Answer-1. manubrium 2. body 3. xiphoid process the manubrium and body articulate with which ribs? - Answer-the first 7 ribs ** manubrium also supports the clavicle GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 4/16 what are intercostal spaces (ICS)? - Answer-the area btw the ribs how are ICS's named? - Answer-they are named according to the rib immediately above it (i.e. the first ICS is located btw the first and second rib) inspiration - Answer-- when air is drawn in through the mouth or nose and passes through the pharynx and larynx to reach the trachea what makes up the upper airway? - Answer-1. nose 2. pharynx 3. intrathoracic tracha what are the 3 functions of the upper airway? - Answer-1. conduct air to lower airway 2. protect lower airway from foreign matter 3. warm, filter, and humidify inspired air the lower airway consists of what parts of the body? - Answer-1. trachea 2. right/left main stem bronchi 3. segmental bronchi 4. subsegmental bronchi 5. terminal bronchioles GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024 Page 5/16 bronchi are further subdivided into increasingly smaller _____. - Answer-bronchioles bronchioles open into alveolar ducts and terminate into multiple _____ where gas exchanges occur. - Answer-alveoli suprasternal notch - Answer-- depression at ventral aspect of neck, just above the manubrium manubriosternal junction (angle of Louis) - Answer-- junction btw the manubrium and sternum that is useful for rib identification costal angle - Answer-intersection of costal margins, usually no more than 90 degrees what are the reference lines? - Answer-1. midsternal line 2. right/left midclavicular lines 3. right/left scapular lines 4. axillary: mid, anterior, and posterior lines anteroposterior (AP) - Answer-- the lateral diamter that should be 1:2 - anteroposterior diameter should be about 1/2 of the lateral diameter anteriorly, the costal angle should be less then _____ degrees - Answer-90 normal breath sounds should be ____ to auscultation. - Answ