GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Psychology as a natural science Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
psyche (greek) - Ans:✔✔-soul
logos - Ans:✔✔-to study
William James - Ans:✔✔-went to Europe to learn about psychology
dropped out of medical school
came back to finish medical degree but never intended to use it
became a professor in Havard uni for psuchology
wrote The principles of psychology
psychology - Ans:✔✔-is the study of mind and behavior
mind - Ans:✔✔-the private inner experience of perceptions , thoughts memories and feelings
an ever flowing steam of consciousness
behavior - Ans:✔✔-refers to the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) - Ans:✔✔-allows scientist to scan a brain to
determine which parts are active when person reads a word or sees a face learns a new skill
Page 1/32
,GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
form follows function - Ans:✔✔-to learn how something works learn what it is made for
pereception - Ans:✔✔-allows us to recognize our families see predators
language - Ans:✔✔-allows us to organize our thoughts and communicate them to othrs
memory - Ans:✔✔-allows us to avoid solving the same problems when we see them again
emotions - Ans:✔✔-allow us to react quickly to events that have life or death significance
structuralists - Ans:✔✔-tried to analyze the mind by breaking it down into its basic components
functionalists - Ans:✔✔-focused more on how the mental abilities aloow people to adapt to
their environemnt
nativism - Ans:✔✔-the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn,
e.g are children born with the ability to speak or understand language
Plato was one of the ones in favor of it
philosophical empirical - Ans:✔✔-the view that all knowledge is aquired through experience
Arstotle was one in favor of it
Descartes(1596-1650) - Ans:✔✔-argued that the mind and body are different the body is made
of material things the mind is made immaterial things
suggested that the mind influences the body through a tiny structure in the lower brain known
as pineal gland
Page 2/32
,GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Joseph Gall (1758-1828) - Ans:✔✔-thought brain and minds were connected . mental anility
increases with brain size
developed 'phrenology'- a now defunct teory that specific mental abilitie and charactericts
ranging from memory to the capacity of happiness , are localised in specific regions of the brain
hippocampus - Ans:✔✔-involved in memory
amygdala - Ans:✔✔-involved in fear
Marie jean pieerre flourens(1794-1867) - Ans:✔✔-compared animals with parts of brain
removed to those with complete brains
what was the usefulness of Hemholtsz's results - Ans:✔✔-He measured how long it takes
impulses to travel to the brain
structuralism - Ans:✔✔-the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind
stimulus - Ans:✔✔-sensory input from environment
Wundt - Ans:✔✔-Helmholtz assistant adopted structulism
introspection - Ans:✔✔-the subjective observation of one's own experience
functionalism - Ans:✔✔-the study of the purpose mentsl processes eservein enabling people to
adapt to their environment
Page 3/32
, GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
unlike structulism that studied the structures of mental processes functionalism set to
understand the functiokkns those mental processes served.
William James reasoned that mental abilities must have evolved becuase they were adaptive
natural selection - Ans:✔✔-the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are
more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent generations
Karl Lashely - Ans:✔✔-tried to find the exact spot in the brain that allowed rats to learn by
removing them
behavioral neuroscience - Ans:✔✔-an approach to psychology that links psychological processes
tio activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes
cognitive neauroscience - Ans:✔✔-the field of study that attempts to understand the links
between cognitive processes and brain activity
evolutionary psychology - Ans:✔✔-explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of
anbilities that are preserved over time by natural selection
social psychology - Ans:✔✔-is the study of causes and consequences of sociality
Norman Triplett - Ans:✔✔-tested the performance of children in the presence of other children
cultural psychology - Ans:✔✔-the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological
processes of their members
Page 4/32
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Psychology as a natural science Exam
Study Guide with Complete Solutions
psyche (greek) - Ans:✔✔-soul
logos - Ans:✔✔-to study
William James - Ans:✔✔-went to Europe to learn about psychology
dropped out of medical school
came back to finish medical degree but never intended to use it
became a professor in Havard uni for psuchology
wrote The principles of psychology
psychology - Ans:✔✔-is the study of mind and behavior
mind - Ans:✔✔-the private inner experience of perceptions , thoughts memories and feelings
an ever flowing steam of consciousness
behavior - Ans:✔✔-refers to the observable actions of human beings and nonhuman animals
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) - Ans:✔✔-allows scientist to scan a brain to
determine which parts are active when person reads a word or sees a face learns a new skill
Page 1/32
,GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
form follows function - Ans:✔✔-to learn how something works learn what it is made for
pereception - Ans:✔✔-allows us to recognize our families see predators
language - Ans:✔✔-allows us to organize our thoughts and communicate them to othrs
memory - Ans:✔✔-allows us to avoid solving the same problems when we see them again
emotions - Ans:✔✔-allow us to react quickly to events that have life or death significance
structuralists - Ans:✔✔-tried to analyze the mind by breaking it down into its basic components
functionalists - Ans:✔✔-focused more on how the mental abilities aloow people to adapt to
their environemnt
nativism - Ans:✔✔-the philosophical view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn,
e.g are children born with the ability to speak or understand language
Plato was one of the ones in favor of it
philosophical empirical - Ans:✔✔-the view that all knowledge is aquired through experience
Arstotle was one in favor of it
Descartes(1596-1650) - Ans:✔✔-argued that the mind and body are different the body is made
of material things the mind is made immaterial things
suggested that the mind influences the body through a tiny structure in the lower brain known
as pineal gland
Page 2/32
,GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
Joseph Gall (1758-1828) - Ans:✔✔-thought brain and minds were connected . mental anility
increases with brain size
developed 'phrenology'- a now defunct teory that specific mental abilitie and charactericts
ranging from memory to the capacity of happiness , are localised in specific regions of the brain
hippocampus - Ans:✔✔-involved in memory
amygdala - Ans:✔✔-involved in fear
Marie jean pieerre flourens(1794-1867) - Ans:✔✔-compared animals with parts of brain
removed to those with complete brains
what was the usefulness of Hemholtsz's results - Ans:✔✔-He measured how long it takes
impulses to travel to the brain
structuralism - Ans:✔✔-the analysis of the basic elements that constitute the mind
stimulus - Ans:✔✔-sensory input from environment
Wundt - Ans:✔✔-Helmholtz assistant adopted structulism
introspection - Ans:✔✔-the subjective observation of one's own experience
functionalism - Ans:✔✔-the study of the purpose mentsl processes eservein enabling people to
adapt to their environment
Page 3/32
, GRACEAMELIA 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR ©2024. ALL RIGHTS
RESERVED. FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER, 2024
unlike structulism that studied the structures of mental processes functionalism set to
understand the functiokkns those mental processes served.
William James reasoned that mental abilities must have evolved becuase they were adaptive
natural selection - Ans:✔✔-the features of an organism that help it survive and reproduce are
more likely than other features to be passed on to subsequent generations
Karl Lashely - Ans:✔✔-tried to find the exact spot in the brain that allowed rats to learn by
removing them
behavioral neuroscience - Ans:✔✔-an approach to psychology that links psychological processes
tio activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes
cognitive neauroscience - Ans:✔✔-the field of study that attempts to understand the links
between cognitive processes and brain activity
evolutionary psychology - Ans:✔✔-explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of
anbilities that are preserved over time by natural selection
social psychology - Ans:✔✔-is the study of causes and consequences of sociality
Norman Triplett - Ans:✔✔-tested the performance of children in the presence of other children
cultural psychology - Ans:✔✔-the study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological
processes of their members
Page 4/32
