MCAT 2024 QUIZ WITH ANSWERS.
central dogma process - Answers-DNA -> RNA -> Protein
1. replication
2. Transcription
3. Translation
DNA and RNA are _______ made of _______________ - Answers-nucleic acids;
nucleotides
protein is made of ____________ - Answers-amino acids
Watson and Crick proposed - Answers-the central dogma
Rosalind Franklin proposed - Answers-x-ray diffraction images for DNA structure
define reverse transcriptase (HIV) - Answers-information flow backwards from RNA to
DNA using enzyme to reverse transcribe
define RNA viruses (flu, SARS or covid) - Answers-virus with RNA genetic material
rather DNA
messenger RNA translated directly into protein
define epigenetics (DNA methylation or histone modification) - Answers-unchanged
DNA produce different phenotypes
skin cells and muscle cells have same DNA with different expression
peptide bond structure - Answers-linked amino acids (peptide bonds) form polypeptide
chain
polypeptide chain fold to form protein
how are peptide bonds formed - Answers-nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction
between carboxyl group
amino acid structure - Answers-H, NH2, COOH bonded to a central carbon and then a
variable R group (side chain)
amino group - Answers-NH2
carboxyl group - Answers-COOH
central dogma process - Answers-DNA -> RNA -> Protein
1. replication
2. Transcription
3. Translation
DNA and RNA are _______ made of _______________ - Answers-nucleic acids;
nucleotides
protein is made of ____________ - Answers-amino acids
Watson and Crick proposed - Answers-the central dogma
Rosalind Franklin proposed - Answers-x-ray diffraction images for DNA structure
define reverse transcriptase (HIV) - Answers-information flow backwards from RNA to
DNA using enzyme to reverse transcribe
define RNA viruses (flu, SARS or covid) - Answers-virus with RNA genetic material
rather DNA
messenger RNA translated directly into protein
define epigenetics (DNA methylation or histone modification) - Answers-unchanged
DNA produce different phenotypes
skin cells and muscle cells have same DNA with different expression
peptide bond structure - Answers-linked amino acids (peptide bonds) form polypeptide
chain
polypeptide chain fold to form protein
how are peptide bonds formed - Answers-nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction
between carboxyl group
amino acid structure - Answers-H, NH2, COOH bonded to a central carbon and then a
variable R group (side chain)
amino group - Answers-NH2
carboxyl group - Answers-COOH
